. 2012 Sep 4;69(20):3429–3456. doi: 10.1007/s00018-012-1122-2

Table 3.

EMT-ATFs regulate multiple hallmarks of cancer

Hallmarks of cancer	ZEB1	ZEB2	Snail1	Snail2	Twist1	Twist2
Activating invasion and metastasis	+ [167]	+ [15]	+ [177]	+ [253]	+ [19]
Inducing angiogenesis	− [257]	+ [134]	+ [177]	+ [253]	+ [255]
Sustaining proliferative signaling	+ [235]	− [238]			+ [215, 248, 307]	+ [248]
Evading growth suppressors					+ [215, 217, 248]	+ [248]
Resisting cell death	+ [230]	+ [164]	+ [219]	+ [219]	+ [215]	+ [215]
Enabling replicative immortality	+ [235, 241]	+ [241] − [239]	+ [243]	+ [244]	+ [247, 248]	+ [248]

Hallmarks of cancer

ZEB1

ZEB2

Snail1

Snail2

Twist1

Twist2

Activating invasion and metastasis

[167]

[15]

[177]

[253]

[19]

Inducing angiogenesis

−

[257]

[134]

[177]

[253]

[255]

Sustaining proliferative signaling

[235]

−

[238]

[215, 248, 307]

[248]

Evading growth suppressors

[215, 217, 248]

[248]

Resisting cell death

[230]

[164]

[219]

[215]

Enabling replicative immortality

[235, 241]

[241]

−

[239]

[243]

[244]

[247, 248]

[248]

Hallmarks of cancer refers to Ref. [1]. Only representative publication(s) were included. (+) represents activation of the cancer hallmark by the EMT-ATF. (-) represents repression of the cancer hallmark by the EMT-ATF. See text for discussion and other references