Table 3. Microscopic placental characteristics from COVID-19 positive and negative mothers.
| Total | Negative | Positive | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 61 | N = 36 | N = 25 | |||
| N (%) | |||||
| Acute chorioamnionitis | 17 (27.9%) | 13 (36.1%) | 4 (16.0%) | 0.152 | |
| Acute funisitis | 5 (8.2%) | 4 (11.1%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0.640 | |
| Chronic chorioamnionitis | 4 (6.56%) | 3 (8.33%) | 1 (4.00%) | 0.638 | |
| Chronic villitis | 3 (4.92%) | 1 (2.78%) | 2 (8.00%) | 0.562 | |
| Meconium | 20 (32.8%) | 9 (25.0%) | 11 (44.0%) | 0.201 | |
| Maternal vascular malperfusion | 6 (9.84%) | 5 (13.9%) | 1 (4.00%) | 0.386 | |
| Abnormal fetal circulation | 4 (6.56%) | 3 (8.33%) | 1 (4.00%) | 0.638 | |
| Thrombosis and vascular changes | |||||
| Stem villous thrombosis | 0.759 | ||||
| Absent | 57 (93.4%) | 33 (91.7%) | 24 (96.0%) | ||
| Acute | 2 (3.28%) | 2 (5.56%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
| Chronic | 2 (3.28%) | 1 (2.78%) | 1 (4.00%) | ||
| Membranes maternal vessels: | 0.759 | ||||
| Normal | 57 (93.4%) | 33 (91.7%) | 24 (96.0%) | ||
| Thrombosis | 2 (3.28%) | 1 (2.78%) | 1 (4.00%) | ||
| Mural muscle hypertrophy >50% | 2 (3.28%) | 2 (5.56%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
| Intervillous thrombus | 7 (11.5%) | 7 (19.4%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0.035 | |
| Maternal vessels | 0.508 | ||||
| Thrombosis | 1 (1.64%) | 1 (2.78%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
| Mural muscle retention | 2 (3.28%) | 2 (5.56%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
| Miscellaneous | |||||
| Membrane laminar necrosis | 3 (4.92%) | 2 (5.56%) | 1 (4.00%) | 1.000 | |
| Parenchyma: villi maturation | 0.351 | ||||
| Appropriate | 55 (90.2%) | 32 (88.9%) | 23 (92.0%) | ||
| Immature | 1 (1.64%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (4.00%) | ||
| Hypermature | 5 (8.20%) | 4 (11.1%) | 1 (4.00%) | ||
| Villous edema | 1 (1.64%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (4.00%) | 0.410 | |
| Villous infarction | 3 (4.92%) | 3 (8.33%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0.262 | |
| Intervillous fibrinoid | 6 (9.84%) | 4 (11.1%) | 2 (8.00%) | 1.000 | |