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. 2024 May 23;19(5):e0304094. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304094

Table 2. Region and state level proportions of the four clusters and medicaid adopted and implementation status by January 1, 2020.

Region Cluster 1 1 Cluster 2 2 Cluster 3 3 Cluster 4 4
Northeast 17.4% 32.0% 27.3% 23.3%
Midwest 18.1% 27.9% 21.3% 32.6%
South 25.7% 19.5% 25.5% 29.4%
West 25.7% 19.5% 25.5% 29.4%
State Medicaid Expansion Cluster 1 1 Cluster 2 2 Cluster 3 3 Cluster 4 4
AK Yes 29.8% 33.7% 25.0% 11.5%
AL No 21.1% 28.6% 27.2% 23.1%
AR Yes 14.4% 45.5% 18.0% 22.2%
AZ Yes 25.3% 29.8% 24.8% 20.1%
CA Yes 21.4% 17.3% 45.3% 16.0%
CO Yes 18.0% 27.5% 13.9% 40.6%
CT Yes 5.8% 47.6% 24.8% 21.8%
DC Yes 14.3% 50.0% 21.4% 14.3%
DE Yes 18.4% 34.7% 20.4% 26.5%
FL No 15.4% 16.0% 32.9% 35.7%
GA No 34.2% 9.6% 25.5% 30.7%
HI Yes 11.2% 43.5% 14.3% 31.1%
IA Yes 10.8% 37.8% 17.3% 34.1%
ID Yes 67.3% 6.4% 12.7% 13.6%
IL Yes 11.9% 32.9% 13.2% 42.1%
IN Yes 13.3% 30.1% 19.0% 37.6%
KS No 24.0% 31.1% 17.4% 27.5%
KY Yes 22.1% 26.1% 21.2% 30.7%
LA Yes 39.4% 4.5% 38.1% 18.1%
MA Yes 10.6% 23.9% 36.8% 28.7%
MD Yes 39.6% 14.0% 21.0% 25.4%
ME Yes 20.1% 25.8% 11.9% 42.3%
MI Yes 21.9% 23.0% 20.6% 34.5%
MN Yes 27.2% 11.1% 30.2% 31.5%
MO No 6.9% 47.8% 23.9% 21.4%
MS No 13.6% 20.4% 42.7% 23.3%
MT Yes 26.4% 27.9% 14.0% 31.8%
NC No 31.3% 11.9% 17.2% 39.6%
ND Yes 21.2% 5.9% 34.1% 38.8%
NE No 16.4% 14.8% 29.5% 39.3%
NH Yes 13.8% 27.5% 15.6% 43.1%
NJ Yes 26.4% 26.4% 14.5% 32.7%
NM Yes 34.2% 33.5% 12.4% 19.9%
NV Yes 25.0% 29.6% 30.6% 14.8%
NY Yes 16.3% 37.6% 32.9% 13.2%
OH Yes 21.3% 36.9% 23.4% 18.4%
OK No 29.4% 34.5% 25.3% 10.8%
OR Yes 32.1% 36.6% 16.0% 15.2%
PA Yes 21.6% 28.6% 29.0% 20.8%
RI Yes 19.4% 30.6% 32.3% 17.7%
SC No 35.0% 17.9% 26.0% 21.1%
SD No 15.5% 24.1% 34.5% 25.9%
TN No 18.3% 26.4% 27.3% 28.0%
TX No 18.9% 20.9% 29.2% 31.0%
UT Yes 27.1% 9.8% 34.1% 29.0%
VA Yes 45.6% 6.0% 18.1% 30.2%
VT Yes 21.6% 58.8% 11.8% 7.8%
WA Yes 31.0% 33.9% 14.6% 20.4%
WI No 27.7% 10.3% 21.2% 40.8%
WV Yes 8.8% 37.6% 30.4% 23.2%
WY No 11.7% 48.3% 31.7% 8.3%

The proportions are row percentages for each region and state.

Some percentages may not equal 100.0% due to rounding.

Counts are not provided to avoid identifying individual level treatment facilities

1Cluster 1: For-Profit and Government Outpatient Facilities with a High Proportion of Services to Reduce Barriers to Treatment

2Cluster 2: Non-Profit Outpatient Facilities with a High Proportion of Services to Reduce Barriers to Treatment

3Cluster 3: Primarily Non-Profit then For-Profit Mixed Levels of Care with a Medium to High Proportion of Services to Reduce Barriers to Treatment

4Cluster 4: Primarily For-Profit then Non-Profit Outpatient Facilities with a Low Proportion of Services to Reduce Barriers to Treatment