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. 2009 Jul 24;66(23):3663–3673. doi: 10.1007/s00018-009-0099-y

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

ROS can activate pathways that regulate tumorigenesis. ROS generated from mitochondria or NADPH oxidases can activate PI3K or ERK MAPK signaling pathways and the transcription factors HIFs to regulate metabolism, angiogenesis, survival, cell growth, and proliferation