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. 2023 Nov 20;29(2):229–237. doi: 10.1038/s41380-023-02318-2

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© The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — On the left side of the figure, brain images illustrate the spatial distribution of EF (1st, 3rd, and 5th rows, V/m) and ΔVOL (2nd, 4th, and 6th rows, Cohen’s d). The first two rows depict results from RUL placement (n = 246), the next two rows show results from BT placements (n = 79), and the last two rows display results from MIX placements (n = 61). These regions were segmented into 85 cortical and subcortical areas (refer to methods). Throughout the manuscript, we designated the results from RUL as blue, BT as green, and MIX as orange for color coding consistency. The right panel illustrates the corresponding values across the 85 regions, showcasing the correlation between EF and ΔVOL in RUL, BT, and MIX, respectively.