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. 2024 May 23;15:4350. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48555-z

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — Four ferrets per group were immunized with 60 μg A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 HA mRNA-LNP (H5 mRNA-LNP) or Luciferase mRNA-LNP (control), followed by a 60 μg boost 28 days later. Ferrets were challenged i.n. with A/bald eagle/Florida/ W22-134-OP/2022 28 days after the second vaccination and then monitored for 14 days after infection. A Survival, (B) body weight, (C) 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) virus titers in nasal wash samples and (D) clinical scores are reported after infection. Data in (A) were analyzed using a log rank test. Data in (B, C) are shown as means ± SEMs. Data in (B, C) were analyzed by multiple unpaired two-sided t tests with Gaussian distribution to compare differences with luciferase (control) mRNA immunization. A *P = 0.0009; (B) Day 2 *P = 0.005166, day 3 *P = 0.000095, day 4 *P = 0.000087, day 5 *P = 0.003561 and day 6 *P = 0.001509; (C) *P = 0.000269. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.