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Brief mechanistic description of current ICD or ICD-like modes in cancer. Necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis have been extensively studied and are regarded as forms of ICD, despite their distinct mechanisms. Recent studies have started to reveal that other modes may be considered ICD-like if their consequences align with the features of ICD, namely, the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and the induction of the innate and adaptive immune responses.
