Human UNC93B1 variants enhance endosomal TLR signaling. (A–D) TNF (A and C) or IL-6 (B and D) production from PMA-differentiated human THP-1 cells (UNC93B1−/− clone [A and B] D9 or clone [C and D] E5) reconstituted with the indicated human UNC93B1 alleles and stimulated overnight with low R848 (1.3 µg ml−1), high R848 (4 µg ml−1), low TL8-506 (67 ng ml−1), high TL8-506 (200 ng ml−1), or Pam3CSK4 (10 ng ml−1). Cytokine production was measured in supernatants by LEGENDPlex assay. (E) ICS of TNF from mouse RAW264.7 macrophages (Unc93b1−/−) reconstituted with the indicated human UNC93B1 alleles and stimulated for 6 h with Poly(I:C) (20 µg ml−1), low R848 (20 ng ml−1), high R848 (200 ng ml−1), low CpG-B (67 nM), high CpG-B (200 nM), or LPS (2 ng ml−1). Data are mean ± SD of triplicate technical replicates, representative of at least two independent experiments. P value determined by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test: *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001, ****P ≤ 0.0001.