Table 4.

Studies that provide evidence for the fifth hypothesis.

Study	Methodology	Evidence	Influential factors
Schomakers et al [35]	Qualitative prestudy+quantitative main study (multimethod approach)	“Acceptance and privacy depend on the context and type of the technology.”	Context and type of technology
Vassli and Farshchian [23]	Systematic review	“Systems that are considered intrusive or causing infringement on privacy might still be accepted by older adults if their health needs are great enough.”	Age and health needs
Shin et al [24]	Systematic review	“Personal trust and the device’s usability could affect users’ privacy perception of wearable activity trackers.”	Personal trust and the device’s usability
Soro et al [52]	Review	“When it comes to privacy, older adults are very thoughtful and want to be empowered and to retain the sense of the home as a haven with respect for their autonomy.”	Age and autonomy
Wang et al [53]	Focus group+survey (multimethod approach)	“Older adults scored lower in the privacy pragmatic and unconcerned categories and much higher in the privacy fundamentalist category.”	Age
Reeder et al [71]	Semistructured interview (qualitative approach)	“Older women’s privacy concerns related to sensor technology can vary according to their sociocultural context (e.g., Korean American older adults and Korean older adults VS Caucasian older adults).”	Age, gender, and sociocultural context
Pilozzi and Huang [54]	No methods directly related to the results	“Individuals with Parkinson’s disease were almost three times more likely to have data-privacy related concerns than controls.”	Disease (Parkinson disease)
Halvorsrud et al [72]	Interview (qualitative approach)	“This study reveals that older adults’ perspectives on assistive technology (AT) are multifaceted and complex, and can partly be explained by the interacting factors in the HAAT [human activity assistive technology] model: person, technology, environment, and context.”	Person, technology, environment, and context
Langer et al [73]	No methods directly related to the results	“Women tend to be more concerned with privacy and safety than men, often preferring enclosed latrines in or near their homes.”	Gender
Jaschinski and Ben Allouch [74]	Semistructured interview (qualitative approach)	“Informal caregivers had a more positive attitude than care receivers.”	User role
Charness et al [26]	Questionnaire (quantitative approach)	“Older adults, particularly males, showed less concern than younger adults about privacy.”	Age
Chan et al [27]	Literature review	“There is tension between assistance and autonomy, or privacy and independence that characterizes the individual’s judgment in using telehealth technology.”	Assistance, autonomy, and independence
Sánchez et al [61]	Literature review	“Privacy can be compromised for persons in need of support...People with higher risk of harm often require intense surveillance to avoid unsafe situations.”	Support and safety
Łukasik et al [75]	Questionnaire (quantitative approach)	“Medical students were more aware of privacy issues in the statement concerning the possibility of switching off the robot in specific situations.”	User role
Lanne and Leikas [30]	Semistructured interview+literature review (multimethod approach)	“Using AI [artificial intelligence] in social and health care contains many general challenges. Some of the most commonly discussed topics were related to social trust and the experience of autonomy, power structures, privacy concerns, transparency, and biases leading to unfair treatment of individuals and patient groups.”	Autonomy, trust, and transparency
Simpson et al [76]	Review	“Privacy concerns are reported as being the main reason patients may choose not to share data in a clinical context, though these concerns mostly relate to the potential for future sharing with external third parties.”	Potential use of the data
Zhang et al [64]	Questionnaire (quantitative approach)	“Privacy awareness (P=.08) has positive effects on privacy concerns.”	Privacy awareness
Seberger and Patil [77]	Semistructured interviews (qualitative approach)	“In the context of pandemic mitigation technology, including app-based tracking, people perceive a core trade-off between public health and personal privacy.”	Public health
Kolakowsk et al [33]	Literature review	“Cultural barriers will likely result in unequal diffusion of robot use in elderly assistance over time.”	Social context
Chaparro et al [78]	Review	“There is a list of factors that affect the attitude and intention to use technologies supporting independent living. These personal and device-related factors comprise user expectancy, biophysical ageing restrictions, anxiety, the previous required knowledge, intrinsic motivation, personality and privacy concerns.”	Emotion, knowledge, and personality
Gimpel et al [41]	Survey	“Several studies have shown that Germans have higher privacy concerns than citizens in most other countries. Most authors attribute this to German’s historical legacy.”	Region and sociocultural context
Zheng et al [67]	Semistructured interviews (qualitative approach)	“IoT [Internet of Things] device users in different regions may have differing privacy concerns. For example, American users may be generally more accepting of data collection by industry versus the state, in contrast to consumers in Europe...Since interview participants expressed greater privacy concern about devices that record voice and video, we recommend that such visual indicators be used extensively to indicate these activities, especially in devices traditionally without recording capabilities (e.g. doorbells, lightbulbs, etc.).”	Region and data type collected by devices
Yao et al [68]	Focus group+co-design activities or qualitative approach	“In general, bystanders had more privacy concerns in the temporary residence scenario and the playdate scenario than the cohabitant scenario. Bystanders also expressed more concerns regarding the video and audio data collected by devices with microphones and cameras (e.g., voice assistants, security cameras) but barely any concern with other devices (e.g., smart coffee makers).”	User role and residence scenario
Ahmad et al [79]	Semistructured interviews	“Older participants may have different privacy concerns as well as different interpretations of IoT [Internet of Things] designs and indicators. Although one worry may be that younger populations are less concerned about their privacy, we note that Singh et al. [reference citation] found that when it comes to sharing information with smart devices, younger adults are more reluctant than older adults.”	Age