Table 1.
Information on the articles used in the review.
| Year | Authors | Title | Species | Breed | NA | Diet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Martinele et al. [20] | Ciliated protozoa in the rumen of cattle fed elephant grass diets with two levels of concentrate + | Cattle | Mestizo | 7 | Elephant grass |
| 2008 | Oyleke and Okusanmi [21] | Isolation and characterization of cellulose hydrolysing microorganism from the rumen of ruminants | Sheep, goats, and cattle | Ῠ | 5 | ῨῨῨῨ |
| 2009 | Rispoli et al. [22] | Ciliated protozoa in the rumen of cattle and buffaloes fed diets supplemented with monensin or propolis + | Cattle and buffalo | Holstein e Murrah | 8 | Corn silage and concentrates based on different products |
| 2012 | Jami et al. [23] | Composition and similarity of bovine rumen microbiota across individual animals | Cattle | Holstein | 16 | 30% roughage and 70% concentrate ῨῨ |
| 2012 | Almeida et al. [24] | Aerobic fungi in the rumen fluid from dairy cattle fed different sources of forage | Cows and calves | Breed | 30 | 53 kg sorghum/animal; 5 kg concentrate/animal; voluminous Brachiaria brizantha |
| 2012b | Tymensen et al. [25] | Structures of free-living and protozoa-associated methanogen communities in the bovine rumen differ according to comparative analysis of 16S rRNA and mcrA genes | Cattle | Black Angus | 4 | Grass hay and different grains with vitamin supplementation and mineral salt |
| 2013 | Jami et al. [26] | Exploring the bovine rumen bacterial community from birth to adulthood | Cattle | Holstein | 10 | Silage and concentrate ῨῨ |
| 2014 | Belanche et al. [27] | Study of methanogen communities associated with different rumen protozoal populations | Sheep | Texel | 4 | 67% ryegrass hay and 33% ground barley |
| 2014 | Silva et al. [28] | Rumen protozoa of beef steers raised on tropical pasture during the dry period + | Cattle | Nelore | 36 | Brachiaria decumbens and mineral salt |
| 2014a | Almeida et al. [29] | Cellulolytic activity of aerobic fungi isolated from the rumen of dairy cattle fed tropical forages + | Cows | Holstein | 85 | Brachiaria Brizantha |
| 2015 | Morgavi et al. [30] | Rumen microbial communities influence metabolic phenotypes in lambs | Sheep | Ῠ | 8 | Milk replacer, hay and concentrate |
| 2015 | Belanche et al. [31] | Effect of progressive inoculation of fauna-free sheep with holotrich protozoa and total-fauna on rumen fermentation, microbial diversity and methane emissions | Sheep | Mestizo | 8 | Mixed ryegrass and white clover pasture |
| 2016 | Abrar et al. [32] | Diversity and fluctuation in ciliate protozoan population in the rumen cattle | Cattle | Holstein and Japonese Black Cattle | 3 | Concentrate ῨῨ |
| 2017 | Danielsson et al. [33] | Methane production in dairy cows correlates with rumen methanogenic and bacterial community structure | Cattle | Red Swedes and Holstein | 73 | Concentrate and silage based on different products |
| 2017 | Nigri et al. [34] | Rumen protozoa population in zebu steers fed with or without roughage + | Cattle | Nelore | 50 | Brachiaria spp. and mineral supplementation |
| 2018 | Khiaosa et al. [35] | Factors related to variation in the susceptibility to subacute ruminal acidosis in early lactating Simmental cows fed the same grain-rich diet | Cattle | Simmental | 18 | Concentrate: 20–60% depending on the group ῨῨ |
| 2018 | Neubauer et al. [36] | Differences between pH of indwelling sensors and the pH of fluid and solid phase in the rumen of dairy cows fed varying concentrate levels | Cattle | Holstein | 8 | Grass silage and concentrate ῨῨ |
| 2018 | Iqbal et al. [37] | Comparative study of rumen fermentation and microbial community differences between water buffalo and Jersey cows un-der similar feeding conditions. | Buffalo and cattle | Jersey | 8 | Corn silage and concentrates based on different products |
| 2018 | Duarte et al. [38] | Anaerobic fungi in the rumen of heifers and dairy cows fed different tropical roughages | Cattle | Mestizo | 100 | Brachiaria spp. |
| 2019 | Jesus et al. [39] | Characterization of ruminal bacteria in grazing Nellore steers | Cattle | Nelore | 3 | 70% Tifton 85 roughage and 30% concentrate based on different products |
| 2019 | Souza et al. [40] | Molecular detection of fermentative bacteria groups in the rumen of cattle and buffalo in Santarém-PA + | Buffalo and cattle | Ῠ | 10 | ῨῨ |
| 2019 | Luna et al. [41] | Isolation, biochemical characterization, and phylogeny of a cellulosedegrading ruminal bacterium | Cattle | Holstein | ῨῨῨ | Pasture of Lolium perene L. |
| 2019 | Dong et al. [42] | Weaning methods affect ruminal methanogenic archaea composition and diversity in Holstein calves | Cattle | Holstein | 6 | Nutritional composition produced by the group |
| 2020 | Zhang et al. [43] | Effect of high-concentrate diets on microbial composition, function, and the VFAs formation process in the rumen of dairy cows | Cattle | Holstein | 4 | Concentrate: 40–70% depending on the group ῨῨ |
| 2020 | Chen et al. [44] | Effects of soybean lecithin supplementation on growth performance, serum metabolites, ruminal fermentation and microbial flora of beef steers | Cattle | Simmental | 60 | Soy lecithin and dry matter ῨῨ |
| 2020 | Freitas et al. [45] | Microbial patterns in rumen are associated with gain of weight in beef cattle | Cattle | Braford | 17 | 12 kg of forage and native pasture |
| 2021 | Alves et al. [46] | Rumen bacterial diversity in relation to nitrogen retention in beef cattle | Cattle | Nelore | 8 | Protein concentrate and sugar cane |
| 2024 | Lima et al. [47] | Rumen bacterial diversity in relation to nitrogen retention in beef cattle | Cattle | Nelore | 4 | T1, no additive (CON); T2, inclusion of 90 g of sodium bicarbonate (BIC); T3, inclusion of 90 g of L. calcareum (L90); and T4, inclusion of 45 g of L. caldarium (L45). |
Note: + Title in another language and translated into English. Ῠ does not show breed; ῨῨ does not specify type of forage; ῨῨῨ does not show how many animals were used; ῨῨῨῨ diet used not specified. NA—number of animals.