. 2024 May 9;9(5):283. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9050283

Table 4.

Matrix of p-values from the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test for the BGO against the SCA, PSA, and GWO in different instances. In green the p-values lower than 0.05 where BGO exhibits statistically lesser results, and in red the p-values greater than 0.95 where BGO exhibits statistically greater results compared to other metaheuristics.

	SCA	PSA	GWO
41	*0.032526*	*0.017652*	*0.00505*
42	0.083416	*0.008453*	0.178185
43	0.142326	*0.017925*	*0.040147*
44	0.673895	0.358608	0.17129
45	*0.000777*	*0.000075*	*0.020949*
46	0.777121	0.101089	0.947336
47	*0.026426*	*0.027054*	0.221067
48	*0.049813*	*0.015255*	0.092276
49	0.231335	*0.000373*	0.457734
410	*0.971242*	0.800105	0.837222
51	0.08422	0.204932	0.769852
52	0.656474	0.235486	0.368845
53	0.849024	0.509173	0.926297
54	0.378881	*0.037574*	0.588779
55	*0.020766*	*0.000228*	0.174886
56	0.194771	0.069321	0.212655
57	*0.008287*	*0.006762*	*0.049149*
58	*0.990298*	0.424729	0.538867
59	*0.025665*	*0.003579*	*0.027499*
510	0.379496	0.110218	0.883339
61	*0.013689*	*0.00103*	0.052988
62	0.396878	0.125416	0.666065
63	0.115385	0.09021	0.154446
64	0.297105	*0.034655*	0.552952
65	0.185046	0.147401	0.482672
a1	*0.000253*	*0.008388*	0.926324
a2	0.124053	*0.002265*	0.431456
a3	*0.016308*	*0.000256*	0.100149
a4	*0.003371*	*0.012922*	0.550884
a5	*0.000524*	0.082315	*0.023963*
b1	0.213058	0.151325	0.43297
b2	0.146666	*0.038143*	0.375167
b3	0.345372	0.245959	0.612847
b4	0.090897	*0.002352*	0.33707
b5	0.887149	0.548425	*0.975947*
c1	*0.002907*	*0.001879*	0.385972
c2	0.114905	*0.028943*	0.175642
c3	*0.000398*	*0.0*	0.539888
c4	*0.002055*	*0.000006*	*0.039399*
c5	*0.026575*	0.320787	*0.991447*
d1	0.892595	0.950455	0.506028
d2	*0.010529*	0.06074	*0.033358*
d3	0.31389	*0.004401*	0.887789
d4	*0.039419*	*0.000385*	*0.025442*
d5	0.504675	0.097037	0.250647
nre5	0.1169	*0.000888*	0.072876
nrg5	0.202966	*0.009097*	0.41873
nrh2	*0.013674*	*0.003689*	0.440986
nrh4	*0.004821*	*0.000504*	0.335568
nrh5	*0.011639*	*0.000306*	0.052988