Table 1:

Average plasma hormone concentrations during the AM clamp, non-clamp, and PM clamp periods.

Parameter and group	AM Clamp (0–240 min)	Non-Clamp (240–360 min)	PM Clamp (360–600 min)
Arterial Glucagon (pg/mL)
Ins4h	20.7 ± 1.7	20.4 ± 2.5	19.3 ± 1.7
Ins2h-A	26.4 ± 1.7	25.6 ± 4.2	22.6 ± 2.1
Ins2h-B	31.6 ± 3.0*	29.2 ± 4.3	25.0 ± 2.4
Hepatic Sinusoidal Glucagon (pg/mL)
Ins4h	nm	26.1 ± 3.0	25.4 ± 2.4
Ins2h-A	nm	31.7 ± 5.1	31.9 ± 4.2
Ins2h-B	40.1 ± 3.7	36.8 ± 5.4	38.7 ± 3.6
Arterial Cortisol (μg/dL)
Ins4h	0.3 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.2	1.4 ± 0.8
Ins2h-A	0.3 ± 0.3	0.5 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.3
Ins2h-B	0.6 ± 0.1	0.3 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.1

The AM clamp period was from 0 to 240 min, the non-clamp period was from 240 to 360 min, and the PM clamp period was from 360 to 600 min. Glucagon samples were analyzed every hour during the experimental protocol, and cortisol samples were analyzed every 2h. Each value reported represents the mean of all samples collected within each clamping period. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n=6 per group.

^*P<0.05 for Ins4h vs. Ins2h-A and Ins4h vs. Ins2h-B,

^#P<0.05 for Ins2h-A vs. Ins2h-B. Parameters that were not measured are denoted nm.