FIG. 5.

Anti-CD40-induced IL-12 p70 production by maternal and cord blood. Whole blood diluted 1:1 in culture medium was incubated with 16 μg/ml of cross-linking anti-CD40 for 48 h. Supernatants were harvested, and IL-12 p70 was measured by ELISA. Bars represent means ± standard deviations. Significant differences were determined by Student's t test. Five of the cord blood samples from primigravid women had evidence of malaria infection based on blood smear (n = 1), PCR (n = 2), or HRP-II/LDH (n = 2). Cord blood from one multigravida had evidence of malaria by PCR.