Figure 4.

This is a diagram of the NO/ONOO(-) cycle where peroxynitrite and many other components form a vicious cycle, where everything is both a cause and an effect of the cycle. The five main centers of the NO/ONOO(-) cycle are discussed in the text. The cycle is most clearly described in [209], where the 34 distinct mechanisms making up the cycle are also each described. Because each of these 34 mechanisms are local, the cycle can impact various tissues in the body, producing diverse chronic diseases. Ten different elements in the cycle, as shown in Table 1, are elevated in patients with ASDs. Consequently, the NO/ONOO(-) is highly relevant to autism/ASDs. Arrows next to words are used to indicate either increased or decreased activity.