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ELISA assays were conducted to quantify proinflammatory markers in the serum and CSF samples from rats 48 h following SAH. The concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β were determined using kits obtained from commercial sources. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. (n = 12.) * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 when compared with the respective SAH groups.
