Skip to main content
. 2024 May 18;403(10440):2204–2256. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00685-8

Table 1.

Life expectancy and HALE at birth in 2022 and 2050 (reference scenario) by location for males and females

Reference scenario life expectancy at birth (years)
Reference scenario HALE at birth (years)
Females
Males
Females
Males
2022 2030 2050 2022 2030 2050 2022 2030 2050 2022 2030 2050
Global 76·2 (75·4–77·0) 78·2 (76·9–79·3) 80·5 (77·4–82·6) 71·1 (70·1–72·0) 73·3 (72·0–74·4) 76·0 (73·2–77·9) 64·7 (61·4–67·7) 66·3 (62·8–69·5) 67·5 (63·3–71·6) 62·6 (60·1–64·9) 64·3 (61·6–66·7) 66·0 (62·6–69·3)
Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia 77·4 (76·7–78·0) 79·6 (78·5–80·6) 82·0 (79·7–84·1) 69·6 (68·8–70·3) 72·2 (71·2–73·2) 75·5 (73·3–77·4) 66·3 (62·9–69·1) 68·2 (64·8–71·2) 69·9 (66·0–73·5) 61·5 (59·1–63·6) 63·7 (61·2–66·0) 66·3 (63·1–69·3)
Central Asia 75·3 (74·2–76·3) 78·3 (76·7–79·8) 81·4 (77·3–84·8) 68·9 (67·7–70·0) 72·3 (70·8–73·8) 75·8 (71·8–78·9) 64·9 (61·8–67·5) 67·5 (64·2–70·6) 69·7 (65·1–74·2) 61·5 (59·3–63·5) 64·4 (61·8–66·7) 67·1 (63·0–70·9)
Armenia 79·5 (76·9–80·7) 82·2 (81·1–83·2) 84·8 (82·8–86·7) 72·7 (69·6–74·4) 76·2 (74·8–77·7) 79·7 (77·6–81·7) 68·5 (64·7–71·3) 70·9 (67·6–73·6) 72·8 (69·0–76·2) 64·7 (61·3–67·2) 67·6 (65·0–69·9) 70·4 (67·2–73·3)
Azerbaijan 75·3 (74·1–76·5) 78·2 (76·5–79·8) 81·6 (77·5–85·3) 69·7 (68·3–71·2) 73·1 (71·4–74·8) 76·6 (72·9–79·7) 65·1 (62·2–67·7) 67·7 (64·5–70·6) 70·1 (65·5–74·7) 62·5 (60·2–64·6) 65·4 (62·9–67·8) 68·2 (64·5–71·7)
Georgia 78·6 (77·4–79·7) 81·5 (80·3–82·8) 84·2 (81·7–86·4) 69·3 (68·2–70·4) 71·5 (70·4–72·6) 73·6 (71·5–75·3) 67·6 (64·3–70·5) 70·3 (67·1–73·3) 72·5 (68·5–76·4) 61·6 (59·2–63·6) 63·5 (61·1–65·6) 65·3 (62·5–68·0)
Kazakhstan 74·0 (72·0–75·6) 78·5 (77·3–79·8) 81·6 (78·9–83·8) 66·0 (63·9–67·6) 71·0 (69·6–72·3) 75·0 (72·1–77·1) 63·8 (60·7–66·7) 67·5 (64·2–70·3) 69·6 (65·7–73·3) 58·9 (56·6–61·1) 63·0 (60·6–65·4) 66·1 (62·9–69·3)
Kyrgyzstan 74·9 (72·8–76·6) 79·2 (77·4–81·0) 81·5 (78·0–85·0) 67·4 (65·1–69·3) 72·2 (70·1–74·3) 74·9 (71·0–78·3) 64·9 (61·7–68·0) 68·4 (64·9–71·4) 69·9 (65·6–74·4) 60·5 (57·8–62·8) 64·4 (61·6–67·0) 66·4 (62·4–70·1)
Mongolia 76·0 (74·9–77·2) 77·7 (76·2–79·2) 80·4 (76·8–83·4) 67·1 (65·7–68·8) 68·6 (66·6–70·7) 70·3 (66·2–74·0) 65·4 (62·2–68·2) 67·1 (63·9–70·2) 69·0 (64·7–73·3) 59·4 (56·9–61·8) 60·7 (58·1–63·3) 62·0 (58·1–65·8)
Tajikistan 74·8 (72·6–76·4) 77·2 (74·8–79·3) 80·1 (75·0–84·5) 71·3 (68·6–73·4) 74·4 (72·2–76·7) 77·7 (73·6–81·6) 64·6 (61·4–67·4) 66·9 (63·6–70·0) 69·0 (64·2–73·8) 63·4 (60·3–66·0) 66·2 (63·0–68·8) 68·8 (64·6–72·9)
Turkmenistan 73·5 (70·6–75·9) 76·2 (72·8–79·2) 80·7 (74·1–86·3) 66·7 (63·6–69·4) 69·5 (66·0–72·5) 73·8 (67·6–79·1) 63·7 (60·1–67·0) 66·2 (62·2–70·0) 69·6 (63·4–75·8) 59·8 (56·7–62·7) 62·3 (58·9–65·4) 65·7 (60·2–70·9)
Uzbekistan 75·8 (74·4–77·2) 77·8 (75·6–79·7) 81·2 (76·1–85·5) 70·9 (69·3–72·3) 73·0 (70·8–75·1) 76·4 (71·2–80·4) 65·1 (61·9–68·0) 66·9 (63·4–70·0) 69·3 (64·1–74·4) 63·2 (60·8–65·6) 65·0 (62·2–67·8) 67·7 (63·0–72·0)
Central Europe 79·9 (79·3–80·5) 81·9 (81·3–82·6) 83·6 (82·4–84·6) 73·2 (72·5–74·0) 75·6 (74·8–76·3) 77·6 (76·5–78·5) 68·5 (65·1–71·4) 70·4 (67·1–73·3) 71·4 (67·8–74·6) 64·6 (61·9–66·9) 66·6 (64·0–69·0) 68·2 (65·3–70·7)
Albania 79·7 (78·5–80·9) 81·6 (80·3–83·0) 83·1 (81·1–85·0) 75·4 (73·7–76·9) 78·0 (76·5–79·8) 79·7 (77·5–81·7) 68·9 (65·4–71·8) 70·5 (66·9–73·6) 71·5 (67·6–74·9) 66·7 (63·8–69·3) 68·9 (66·0–71·5) 70·2 (66·8–73·1)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 79·8 (78·1–81·6) 82·1 (80·4–84·1) 84·4 (81·5–87·1) 74·8 (72·3–77·4) 77·5 (75·5–80·2) 79·9 (77·4–82·8) 68·2 (64·5–71·5) 70·2 (66·4–73·5) 71·7 (67·4–75·9) 65·6 (62·5–68·6) 67·9 (64·6–71·2) 69·7 (65·6–73·2)
Bulgaria 76·0 (74·9–77·2) 78·3 (77·1–79·5) 80·0 (78·2–81·8) 68·9 (67·6–70·5) 71·5 (70·1–73·0) 73·7 (71·7–75·4) 65·7 (62·5–68·5) 67·8 (64·5–70·5) 69·0 (65·6–72·0) 61·3 (58·8–63·5) 63·5 (61·0–65·9) 65·2 (62·5–67·9)
Croatia 80·7 (80·0–81·6) 82·8 (82·0–83·7) 84·0 (82·9–85·0) 74·8 (73·8–75·9) 77·5 (76·6–78·6) 79·3 (78·3–80·4) 69·1 (65·7–72·1) 71·0 (67·5–73·9) 71·7 (68·1–74·8) 66·0 (63·3–68·3) 68·2 (65·4–70·6) 69·6 (66·7–72·0)
Czechia 82·4 (81·8–83·3) 83·9 (83·1–84·8) 85·3 (84·0–86·6) 76·7 (75·7–77·7) 78·4 (77·4–79·4) 80·3 (79·0–81·5) 70·0 (66·4–73·2) 71·5 (67·9–74·6) 72·4 (68·6–75·8) 67·1 (64·2–69·6) 68·6 (65·7–71·3) 70·0 (67·1–72·7)
Hungary 79·7 (78·8–80·6) 81·3 (80·3–82·3) 82·8 (81·2–84·2) 73·2 (72·1–74·4) 75·5 (74·4–76·8) 77·9 (76·4–79·2) 68·1 (64·6–71·2) 69·6 (66·2–72·7) 70·5 (66·8–73·8) 64·6 (61·9–67·1) 66·6 (63·8–69·2) 68·3 (65·3–71·1)
Montenegro 77·8 (77·0–78·5) 79·5 (78·7–80·3) 81·0 (79·7–82·2) 72·3 (71·2–73·5) 74·5 (73·4–75·7) 76·6 (75·2–77·9) 66·9 (63·6–69·8) 68·7 (65·5–71·4) 69·6 (66·1–72·6) 64·1 (61·6–66·4) 66·2 (63·5–68·5) 67·8 (65·0–70·3)
North Macedonia 74·8 (72·6–76·3) 78·2 (77·1–79·3) 79·9 (78·2–81·3) 71·0 (68·4–72·9) 75·4 (73·9–76·8) 77·2 (75·4–78·8) 64·7 (61·4–67·7) 67·6 (64·3–70·4) 68·7 (65·4–71·7) 63·2 (60·5–65·8) 66·8 (64·2–69·2) 68·2 (65·5–70·8)
Poland 81·1 (80·2–82·0) 83·3 (82·5–84·2) 84·7 (83·8–85·8) 73·5 (72·5–74·6) 75·9 (74·8–77·0) 77·6 (76·5–78·8) 69·4 (66·0–72·3) 71·3 (67·9–74·5) 72·3 (68·6–75·7) 64·6 (62·0–66·9) 66·6 (63·9–69·0) 68·0 (65·1–70·5)
Romania 79·0 (78·0–80·0) 80·8 (79·8–82·1) 82·9 (80·8–84·8) 71·7 (70·6–72·9) 73·7 (72·4–75·0) 76·0 (74·1–77·7) 68·2 (64·9–71·2) 69·9 (66·6–73·0) 71·3 (67·6–74·8) 63·6 (61·1–65·9) 65·3 (62·9–67·7) 67·2 (64·3–69·9)
Serbia 77·8 (76·8–78·8) 79·7 (78·6–80·7) 81·4 (79·9–82·8) 73·0 (71·8–74·4) 75·3 (73·9–76·6) 77·2 (75·6–78·7) 67·1 (64·0–70·0) 68·8 (65·6–71·6) 69·6 (66·1–72·8) 64·8 (62·2–67·0) 66·6 (63·7–69·0) 67·9 (64·8–70·5)
Slovakia 80·3 (79·3–81·3) 82·1 (81·0–83·2) 83·8 (82·0–85·3) 73·7 (72·7–74·9) 76·0 (74·8–77·3) 78·1 (76·7–79·5) 68·8 (65·2–71·7) 70·3 (66·9–73·4) 71·5 (67·6–74·7) 65·0 (62·3–67·5) 66·9 (64·1–69·5) 68·5 (65·5–71·3)
Slovenia 84·8 (83·8–85·7) 86·4 (85·5–87·4) 87·4 (86·2–88·6) 78·5 (77·6–79·5) 80·6 (79·7–81·5) 82·1 (81·1–83·1) 71·8 (68·0–74·9) 73·5 (69·8–76·7) 74·1 (70·2–77·4) 68·6 (65·5–71·1) 70·5 (67·4–73·0) 71·6 (68·5–74·2)
Eastern Europe 77·2 (76·2–78·2) 79·2 (77·9–80·5) 81·9 (79·4–84·0) 68·3 (67·1–69·5) 70·7 (69·3–72·2) 74·7 (72·4–76·9) 65·9 (62·5–68·8) 67·7 (64·3–70·6) 69·5 (65·6–73·0) 60·3 (58·0–62·5) 62·4 (59·8–65·0) 65·4 (62·2–68·5)
Belarus 76·7 (75·0–78·4) 80·3 (78·6–82·2) 83·0 (80·0–85·7) 67·1 (65·3–69·0) 70·6 (68·6–72·7) 73·6 (70·4–76·2) 66·2 (62·9–69·2) 69·0 (65·9–72·0) 70·9 (66·8–74·6) 59·9 (57·7–62·3) 62·8 (60·3–65·2) 65·1 (61·8–68·1)
Estonia 81·8 (80·8–82·7) 84·3 (83·4–85·4) 85·8 (84·1–87·3) 73·6 (72·6–74·8) 76·8 (75·7–78·0) 79·2 (77·7–80·6) 69·7 (66·1–72·8) 72·0 (68·3–75·1) 73·2 (69·2–76·5) 64·8 (62·2–67·1) 67·6 (64·8–69·9) 69·4 (66·5–72·0)
Latvia 78·5 (77·1–79·8) 81·7 (80·7–82·7) 83·7 (82·1–85·2) 69·6 (68·0–71·0) 73·1 (72·0–74·5) 75·7 (74·1–77·3) 67·4 (64·3–70·3) 70·1 (66·9–73·2) 71·5 (67·9–74·8) 61·7 (59·2–64·0) 64·7 (62·1–66·9) 66·6 (63·9–69·3)
Lithuania 79·7 (78·6–80·8) 82·1 (81·1–83·1) 83·5 (81·9–85·0) 70·2 (69·1–71·5) 72·8 (71·7–74·1) 74·9 (73·4–76·4) 68·1 (64·6–70·9) 70·1 (66·6–73·1) 71·1 (67·3–74·5) 62·1 (59·7–64·3) 64·2 (61·8–66·6) 65·8 (63·0–68·4)
Moldova 78·8 (77·6–79·9) 81·3 (79·5–83·0) 84·7 (80·3–88·1) 70·5 (69·0–71·8) 72·9 (71·1–74·6) 76·4 (72·5–79·4) 67·6 (64·3–70·8) 69·9 (66·1–73·5) 72·4 (67·1–77·7) 62·7 (60·2–65·1) 64·8 (62·1–67·5) 67·5 (63·5–71·4)
Russia 77·0 (76·1–78·0) 79·2 (78·1–80·4) 82·0 (79·9–84·0) 68·2 (67·2–69·6) 71·0 (69·6–72·5) 75·1 (73·1–77·2) 65·7 (62·6–68·7) 67·7 (64·4–70·7) 69·5 (65·6–73·1) 60·2 (57·7–62·4) 62·6 (59·9–64·9) 65·7 (62·6–68·6)
Ukraine 77·5 (73·9–80·7) 78·4 (74·7–81·8) 81·0 (76·5–85·3) 68·5 (64·4–72·6) 69·7 (65·4–74·3) 73·0 (68·0–78·2) 66·2 (62·4–69·7) 67·1 (63·4–71·1) 68·8 (64·3–73·8) 60·3 (56·9–64·5) 61·4 (57·8–65·7) 64·0 (59·6–69·0)
High income 83·9 (83·7–84·0) 84·9 (84·7–85·1) 85·3 (84·8–85·7) 78·8 (78·7–79·0) 80·3 (80·1–80·4) 81·3 (81·0–81·6) 70·3 (66·3–73·6) 71·2 (67·3–74·6) 71·4 (67·3–74·7) 68·4 (65·4–70·9) 69·5 (66·6–72·1) 70·2 (67·1–72·8)
Australasia 85·2 (85·1–85·3) 86·1 (85·9–86·3) 86·5 (86·1–86·9) 81·1 (81·0–81·2) 82·4 (82·2–82·6) 83·3 (83·0–83·6) 71·2 (67·1–74·6) 72·1 (68·0–75·5) 72·3 (68·3–75·8) 69·9 (66·7–72·7) 71·0 (67·8–73·8) 71·5 (68·1–74·4)
Australia 85·5 (85·4–85·6) 86·4 (86·2–86·6) 86·8 (86·3–87·1) 81·2 (81·1–81·3) 82·5 (82·3–82·7) 83·4 (83·1–83·7) 71·4 (67·3–74·8) 72·3 (68·2–75·8) 72·5 (68·5–76·0) 70·0 (66·8–72·8) 71·1 (67·8–73·9) 71·5 (68·1–74·4)
New Zealand 83·8 (83·7–84·1) 84·8 (84·5–85·0) 85·3 (84·7–85·8) 80·4 (80·2–80·6) 81·8 (81·6–82·1) 82·9 (82·4–83·3) 70·1 (66·2–73·5) 71·0 (67·1–74·4) 71·4 (67·3–74·7) 69·6 (66·5–72·2) 70·8 (67·6–73·5) 71·4 (68·2–74·2)
High-income Asia Pacific 87·7 (87·5–87·8) 88·7 (88·5–88·8) 89·1 (88·8–89·5) 81·9 (81·7–82·0) 83·1 (82·9–83·3) 84·4 (84·0–84·7) 75·1 (71·4–78·3) 75·9 (72·2–79·1) 76·1 (72·3–79·3) 71·9 (69·1–74·4) 72·9 (70·1–75·5) 73·8 (70·8–76·4)
Brunei 78·3 (77·1–79·3) 79·4 (78·1–80·4) 80·5 (78·9–81·9) 75·0 (73·8–76·1) 76·4 (75·2–77·5) 78·0 (76·3–79·3) 67·7 (64·1–70·7) 68·5 (65·0–71·5) 68·9 (65·3–72·3) 66·0 (63·3–68·3) 67·1 (64·4–69·7) 68·1 (65·1–70·9)
Japan 88·1 (87·9–88·2) 88·8 (88·6–88·9) 89·2 (88·9–89·5) 82·2 (82·0–82·3) 83·1 (82·9–83·3) 84·2 (83·8–84·5) 75·5 (71·6–78·6) 76·1 (72·3–79·3) 76·3 (72·4–79·5) 72·3 (69·5–74·8) 73·0 (70·2–75·5) 73·7 (70·8–76·3)
Singapore 88·0 (87·7–88·2) 89·0 (88·7–89·3) 89·7 (89·0–90·2) 84·1 (83·8–84·3) 85·5 (85·1–85·9) 86·9 (86·2–87·5) 76·1 (72·4–79·1) 77·0 (73·3–80·0) 76·9 (73·0–80·1) 74·2 (71·3–76·5) 75·4 (72·4–77·8) 75·9 (72·7–78·6)
South Korea 86·0 (85·3–86·3) 87·8 (87·5–88·0) 88·9 (88·3–89·4) 80·4 (79·6–80·6) 82·6 (82·3–82·8) 84·4 (83·9–84·9) 73·6 (70·0–76·7) 75·1 (71·5–78·2) 75·7 (71·9–79·0) 70·4 (67·7–72·9) 72·3 (69·5–74·8) 73·6 (70·6–76·3)
High-income North America 81·3 (81·1–81·4) 82·4 (82·1–82·6) 82·8 (82·2–83·4) 76·2 (75·9–76·4) 77·8 (77·5–78·0) 78·9 (78·3–79·4) 67·0 (62·9–70·4) 68·0 (63·9–71·4) 68·2 (64·1–71·7) 64·9 (61·7–67·6) 66·1 (63·0–68·8) 66·8 (63·6–69·6)
Canada 84·6 (84·4–84·8) 85·5 (85·2–85·7) 85·8 (85·2–86·2) 80·5 (80·3–80·7) 81·7 (81·5–82·0) 82·6 (82·2–83·0) 71·3 (67·3–74·6) 72·0 (68·2–75·4) 72·0 (68·0–75·4) 69·8 (66·7–72·4) 70·7 (67·6–73·3) 71·1 (67·8–73·8)
Greenland 77·1 (75·7–78·1) 79·8 (78·4–80·9) 81·7 (80·1–82·9) 71·5 (69·8–72·9) 74·0 (72·1–75·4) 75·9 (74·2–77·4) 65·3 (61·6–68·5) 67·5 (63·7–70·9) 69·0 (65·2–72·5) 62·8 (60·1–65·2) 64·7 (61·9–67·3) 66·1 (63·2–69·0)
USA 80·9 (80·7–81·1) 82·0 (81·7–82·3) 82·4 (81·8–83·1) 75·7 (75·5–75·9) 77·3 (77·0–77·6) 78·4 (77·8–79·0) 66·5 (62·4–70·0) 67·5 (63·4–70·9) 67·8 (63·6–71·2) 64·3 (61·2–67·0) 65·6 (62·4–68·3) 66·3 (63·0–69·1)
Southern Latin America 81·0 (80·8–81·3) 82·3 (81·9–82·7) 83·2 (82·5–83·8) 75·6 (75·3–76·0) 77·4 (77·0–77·8) 79·0 (78·3–79·7) 68·6 (65·0–71·7) 69·7 (66·0–72·8) 70·1 (66·1–73·2) 66·5 (63·8–68·7) 67·9 (65·1–70·2) 68·8 (65·8–71·3)
Argentina 80·3 (80·0–80·6) 81·3 (81·0–81·7) 82·2 (81·4–82·9) 74·9 (74·5–75·2) 76·3 (75·9–76·8) 77·8 (77·1–78·5) 68·3 (64·8–71·3) 69·2 (65·6–72·2) 69·5 (65·7–72·6) 66·0 (63·4–68·2) 67·1 (64·4–69·4) 68·0 (65·1–70·4)
Chile 82·9 (82·7–83·2) 84·7 (84·4–85·0) 85·5 (84·9–86·0) 78·0 (77·7–78·3) 80·5 (80·2–80·9) 82·0 (81·4–82·7) 69·4 (65·5–72·8) 71·0 (67·0–74·4) 71·3 (67·1–74·8) 68·0 (65·1–70·4) 70·0 (67·0–72·6) 70·8 (67·6–73·5)
Uruguay 80·4 (80·0–80·7) 81·7 (81·3–82·0) 82·7 (82·0–83·2) 73·4 (72·9–73·8) 75·0 (74·5–75·5) 76·6 (76·0–77·1) 68·2 (64·7–71·3) 69·4 (65·8–72·3) 70·0 (66·2–73·0) 64·8 (62·3–67·0) 66·1 (63·5–68·3) 67·1 (64·3–69·5)
Western Europe 84·6 (84·5–84·7) 85·6 (85·5–85·7) 86·1 (85·8–86·4) 80·1 (80·0–80·2) 81·5 (81·4–81·7) 82·6 (82·4–82·8) 71·1 (67·1–74·4) 72·2 (68·2–75·5) 72·5 (68·4–75·8) 70·0 (67·0–72·5) 71·3 (68·3–73·8) 72·0 (69·0–74·6)
Andorra 86·2 (84·1–88·5) 87·2 (85·0–89·5) 87·6 (85·3–89·9) 81·6 (79·0–84·7) 83·0 (80·2–86·2) 83·8 (81·2–86·8) 72·1 (68·1–76·0) 73·2 (69·3–77·1) 73·6 (69·5–77·5) 71·4 (68·2–74·7) 72·7 (69·4–76·1) 73·4 (70·1–76·7)
Austria 84·7 (84·5–84·9) 86·0 (85·7–86·2) 86·8 (86·2–87·3) 80·3 (80·1–80·5) 82·0 (81·7–82·3) 83·4 (82·8–83·8) 71·5 (67·7–74·8) 72·9 (69·2–76·1) 73·6 (69·8–76·8) 70·3 (67·3–72·7) 71·9 (69·0–74·3) 72·9 (70·0–75·4)
Belgium 84·5 (84·2–84·7) 85·4 (85·1–85·7) 85·8 (85·3–86·3) 79·9 (79·6–80·1) 81·2 (81·0–81·5) 82·4 (82·0–82·8) 70·8 (66·6–74·3) 71·9 (67·8–75·3) 72·1 (68·0–75·5) 69·7 (66·7–72·3) 70·9 (68·0–73·4) 71·6 (68·6–74·3)
Cyprus 83·5 (82·9–84·0) 84·7 (84·1–85·3) 85·5 (84·7–86·2) 79·6 (78·6–80·5) 81·1 (80·1–82·1) 82·5 (81·4–83·5) 71·0 (67·3–74·1) 72·2 (68·5–75·2) 72·6 (68·9–75·8) 70·2 (67·5–72·6) 71·5 (68·8–73·9) 72·4 (69·6–74·9)
Denmark 83·2 (82·9–83·5) 84·4 (84·2–84·7) 84·8 (84·4–85·2) 79·3 (78·9–79·6) 81·1 (80·8–81·4) 82·2 (81·9–82·6) 70·6 (66·8–73·7) 71·8 (68·1–74·9) 72·1 (68·3–75·2) 69·6 (66·8–71·9) 71·1 (68·2–73·6) 71·9 (68·9–74·5)
Finland 83·7 (83·1–84·1) 85·9 (85·6–86·2) 86·5 (86·1–87·0) 78·1 (77·4–78·6) 81·2 (80·8–81·5) 82·6 (82·1–83·0) 70·7 (66·9–73·9) 72·5 (68·6–75·8) 72·8 (68·9–76·2) 68·2 (65·3–70·6) 70·6 (67·5–73·2) 71·5 (68·3–74·2)
France 85·9 (85·7–86·0) 86·9 (86·8–87·1) 87·2 (86·9–87·5) 80·3 (80·0–80·5) 81·7 (81·6–81·9) 82·6 (82·3–82·8) 71·9 (67·6–75·5) 73·0 (68·9–76·5) 73·1 (68·8–76·5) 70·1 (67·0–72·6) 71·4 (68·3–74·0) 71·8 (68·7–74·5)
Germany 83·8 (83·6–83·9) 84·5 (84·4–84·7) 85·0 (84·7–85·3) 79·2 (79·1–79·4) 80·5 (80·3–80·6) 81·6 (81·2–81·9) 70·2 (66·1–73·5) 71·0 (67·1–74·3) 71·3 (67·3–74·7) 69·3 (66·4–71·8) 70·4 (67·6–72·9) 71·2 (68·3–73·7)
Greece 82·9 (82·7–83·2) 84·4 (84·1–84·7) 85·0 (84·6–85·4) 77·7 (77·3–78·0) 79·7 (79·4–80·0) 81·1 (80·6–81·5) 70·1 (66·2–73·3) 71·4 (67·4–74·6) 71·6 (67·5–74·8) 68·1 (65·4–70·5) 69·7 (66·9–72·1) 70·6 (67·5–73·2)
Iceland 84·7 (84·1–85·4) 86·2 (85·5–86·8) 87·0 (86·2–87·8) 81·9 (81·1–82·6) 83·3 (82·5–84·0) 84·3 (83·4–85·0) 71·8 (67·9–75·0) 73·2 (69·5–76·3) 73·9 (70·1–77·2) 71·7 (68·8–74·2) 73·0 (70·1–75·5) 73·7 (70·7–76·4)
Ireland 85·0 (84·7–85·3) 86·2 (85·9–86·6) 87·0 (86·6–87·4) 81·6 (81·2–81·9) 83·4 (83·1–83·7) 84·9 (84·5–85·3) 71·4 (67·4–74·8) 72·7 (68·9–76·0) 73·3 (69·3–76·6) 71·1 (68·1–73·6) 72·8 (69·7–75·3) 73·8 (70·7–76·4)
Israel 85·4 (84·9–85·6) 86·7 (86·2–87·0) 87·1 (86·4–87·6) 81·7 (80·8–82·2) 83·4 (82·4–83·9) 84·3 (83·2–84·9) 72·3 (68·5–75·6) 73·6 (69·7–76·8) 73·8 (69·8–77·1) 71·8 (68·9–74·3) 73·2 (70·3–75·8) 73·7 (70·7–76·3)
Italy 85·1 (84·9–85·3) 86·3 (86·1–86·4) 86·8 (86·4–87·1) 80·8 (80·5–81·0) 82·3 (82·2–82·5) 83·4 (83·1–83·6) 71·8 (67·8–75·1) 72·9 (68·9–76·2) 73·1 (69·0–76·5) 70·6 (67·7–73·2) 71·9 (68·9–74·5) 72·6 (69·6–75·3)
Luxembourg 85·2 (84·6–85·8) 86·0 (85·3–86·6) 86·2 (85·5–87·0) 81·0 (80·2–81·8) 82·1 (81·3–82·9) 82·9 (82·2–83·7) 72·0 (68·1–75·3) 72·8 (69·0–76·0) 73·0 (69·1–76·1) 71·0 (68·0–73·4) 72·0 (69·0–74·5) 72·6 (69·6–75·1)
Malta 83·9 (83·1–84·7) 85·8 (85·0–86·5) 86·6 (85·7–87·5) 80·7 (79·8–81·6) 83·2 (82·3–83·9) 84·5 (83·6–85·3) 71·1 (67·2–74·3) 72·6 (68·5–75·8) 72·9 (68·9–76·4) 70·9 (67·8–73·4) 72·7 (69·7–75·3) 73·4 (70·2–76·3)
Monaco 82·3 (80·8–83·9) 82·9 (81·4–84·7) 83·4 (81·8–85·2) 77·7 (76·4–78·8) 78·9 (77·5–79·9) 79·9 (78·5–81·1) 70·0 (66·0–73·3) 70·6 (66·8–74·0) 71·0 (67·2–74·4) 68·6 (65·6–71·1) 69·6 (66·6–72·1) 70·4 (67·4–72·9)
Netherlands 83·8 (83·7–84·0) 84·3 (84·1–84·5) 84·6 (84·3–84·9) 80·7 (80·5–80·9) 81·6 (81·4–81·9) 82·6 (82·3–82·9) 70·9 (67·0–74·0) 71·5 (67·8–74·7) 71·7 (67·9–74·8) 70·9 (68·0–73·3) 71·8 (68·9–74·3) 72·4 (69·5–75·0)
Norway 84·6 (83·9–84·9) 85·5 (85·3–85·7) 85·9 (85·6–86·2) 81·4 (80·5–81·7) 82·8 (82·6–83·0) 83·7 (83·4–84·0) 71·2 (67·2–74·6) 72·2 (68·4–75·5) 72·6 (68·7–75·8) 71·0 (68·1–73·6) 72·4 (69·4–74·9) 73·1 (70·2–75·7)
Portugal 84·8 (84·5–85·0) 86·4 (86·2–86·7) 87·4 (86·9–87·9) 79·1 (78·8–79·4) 81·1 (80·8–81·3) 82·5 (82·1–82·8) 71·4 (67·3–74·6) 73·0 (69·1–76·2) 73·7 (69·6–77·0) 69·2 (66·3–71·6) 71·0 (68·0–73·5) 71·9 (68·9–74·5)
San Marino 88·2 (85·4–90·9) 89·6 (86·6–92·8) 90·0 (86·9–93·1) 84·8 (81·9–87·3) 86·9 (83·9–89·8) 87·8 (85·0–90·5) 73·9 (69·6–78·0) 75·2 (70·8–79·6) 75·3 (70·8–80·0) 73·6 (70·1–77·0) 75·3 (71·7–79·0) 75·8 (72·1–79·6)
Spain 86·0 (85·8–86·2) 87·1 (86·9–87·3) 87·5 (87·0–87·9) 80·5 (80·3–80·7) 82·1 (81·9–82·2) 83·3 (83·0–83·6) 72·3 (68·1–75·7) 73·5 (69·4–76·8) 73·6 (69·4–77·1) 70·7 (67·7–73·1) 72·1 (69·1–74·6) 72·9 (69·7–75·4)
Sweden 85·2 (84·3–86·0) 86·0 (85·1–86·9) 86·5 (85·5–87·3) 82·2 (81·2–83·3) 83·5 (82·5–84·6) 84·3 (83·3–85·4) 71·9 (68·0–75·2) 72·7 (69·0–76·0) 73·0 (69·2–76·4) 71·9 (68·8–74·6) 73·0 (69·9–75·7) 73·6 (70·4–76·3)
Switzerland 86·7 (86·5–86·9) 87·4 (87·1–87·6) 87·7 (87·3–88·0) 83·1 (82·9–83·4) 84·3 (84·0–84·5) 85·1 (84·7–85·4) 72·5 (68·4–76·1) 73·3 (69·4–76·8) 73·6 (69·6–77·0) 72·2 (69·1–74·9) 73·2 (70·2–75·9) 73·8 (70·7–76·5)
UK 83·5 (83·3–83·6) 84·3 (84·1–84·5) 85·0 (84·6–85·3) 79·9 (79·8–80·1) 81·1 (80·9–81·3) 82·1 (81·8–82·5) 70·2 (66·2–73·5) 71·1 (67·3–74·4) 71·6 (67·7–74·9) 69·6 (66·6–72·1) 70·6 (67·6–73·3) 71·3 (68·3–74·0)
Latin America and Caribbean 78·7 (77·6–79·5) 80·4 (78·8–81·7) 82·2 (79·5–84·4) 72·5 (71·4–73·5) 74·7 (73·1–75·9) 77·0 (74·6–78·8) 66·4 (62·6–69·4) 67·8 (64·0–71·1) 68·6 (64·2–72·7) 63·4 (60·5–65·9) 65·1 (62·1–67·8) 66·4 (62·9–69·7)
Andean Latin America 78·0 (76·2–79·7) 80·8 (79·0–82·5) 82·3 (79·8–84·5) 73·9 (72·0–75·9) 77·6 (75·6–79·7) 79·3 (76·7–81·7) 67·0 (63·6–70·1) 69·3 (65·7–72·5) 70·1 (66·1–73·7) 65·4 (62·5–68·3) 68·4 (65·2–71·2) 69·3 (66·2–72·4)
Bolivia 70·5 (67·7–72·9) 75·2 (72·1–77·5) 77·1 (73·7–79·9) 67·0 (64·0–69·9) 73·7 (70·4–76·3) 75·8 (72·2–78·8) 60·8 (57·3–64·0) 64·6 (60·9–68·0) 65·7 (61·7–69·5) 59·7 (56·6–62·8) 65·0 (61·5–68·3) 66·2 (62·5–69·7)
Ecuador 79·6 (77·7–81·3) 81·1 (79·1–83·1) 82·4 (80·0–84·7) 74·8 (72·2–77·1) 76·9 (74·3–79·3) 78·4 (75·7–81·2) 68·1 (64·3–71·3) 69·4 (65·8–72·7) 69·8 (65·8–73·6) 65·8 (62·6–68·9) 67·4 (64·1–70·6) 67·8 (64·3–71·6)
Peru 80·2 (78·0–82·4) 82·6 (80·2–84·7) 84·0 (81·3–86·7) 76·2 (73·8–78·6) 79·2 (76·5–81·8) 81·0 (78·0–83·8) 68·8 (65·4–72·0) 70·9 (67·3–74·2) 71·8 (67·8–75·6) 67·5 (64·3–70·5) 70·0 (66·6–73·2) 71·1 (67·7–74·4)
Caribbean 74·7 (64·4–77·0) 76·5 (72·3–78·7) 78·6 (67·9–82·0) 69·8 (56·5–72·3) 71·9 (68·1–74·2) 74·3 (59·6–77·5) 63·4 (54·9–67·2) 64·9 (59·4–68·7) 66·0 (57·0–70·6) 61·3 (49·5–64·7) 63·0 (58·8–66·3) 64·5 (51·7–68·5)
Antigua and Barbuda 78·0 (77·5–78·4) 78·7 (77·9–79·4) 79·9 (77·9–81·4) 74·6 (74·0–75·0) 76·0 (75·3–76·6) 77·6 (75·7–78·8) 66·8 (63·3–69·6) 67·3 (63·8–70·1) 67·6 (63·7–71·0) 65·5 (62·7–67·9) 66·6 (63·7–69·1) 67·3 (64·0–70·0)
The Bahamas 77·1 (74·5–79·4) 78·4 (75·8–80·8) 79·7 (76·7–82·5) 70·5 (67·3–73·2) 72·1 (68·9–75·2) 73·9 (70·8–76·7) 66·0 (62·5–69·6) 67·0 (63·3–70·8) 67·6 (63·6–71·7) 62·3 (59·3–65·6) 63·6 (60·4–66·9) 64·5 (61·2–68·2)
Barbados 77·2 (75·0–79·3) 78·8 (76·5–80·9) 79·7 (77·1–82·0) 73·9 (71·3–76·3) 76·8 (74·1–79·5) 78·3 (75·3–81·0) 66·1 (62·3–69·6) 67·4 (63·4–70·8) 67·6 (63·6–71·5) 65·2 (61·9–68·3) 67·5 (64·0–70·8) 68·1 (64·5–71·5)
Belize 77·0 (74·6–78·3) 79·1 (77·5–80·6) 81·1 (78·0–83·8) 71·9 (68·6–73·9) 74·2 (72·4–76·2) 75·9 (72·8–78·5) 65·8 (62·2–68·8) 67·6 (63·9–70·9) 68·7 (64·1–72·9) 63·4 (59·9–66·2) 65·2 (62·2–68·0) 66·0 (62·2–69·5)
Bermuda 85·0 (83·0–86·4) 87·1 (85·1–88·5) 88·3 (86·2–89·7) 77·5 (75·6–78·9) 79·6 (77·7–81·0) 81·2 (79·4–82·7) 72·7 (68·8–76·0) 74·5 (70·5–77·8) 74·9 (70·8–78·5) 68·4 (65·6–71·0) 70·1 (67·1–72·8) 70·8 (67·7–73·7)
Cuba 81·2 (80·0–82·3) 82·0 (80·8–83·2) 83·6 (81·7–85·2) 76·1 (74·7–77·6) 77·0 (75·5–78·5) 78·4 (76·5–80·1) 69·5 (66·0–72·6) 70·2 (66·8–73·2) 71·0 (67·2–74·3) 67·3 (64·7–69·8) 67·9 (65·3–70·5) 68·5 (65·5–71·3)
Dominica 73·9 (71·6–75·7) 75·8 (73·4–77·5) 77·5 (74·3–79·8) 68·6 (66·1–70·7) 71·0 (68·3–73·2) 72·9 (69·8–75·4) 63·2 (59·5–66·3) 64·8 (61·0–68·1) 65·6 (61·4–69·6) 60·6 (57·6–63·3) 62·5 (59·3–65·5) 63·6 (59·9–66·9)
Dominican Republic 78·6 (76·6–80·4) 80·0 (77·6–82·0) 82·3 (78·7–85·2) 72·5 (69·9–75·0) 74·1 (71·3–76·5) 76·7 (73·0–79·8) 66·9 (63·1–70·4) 68·0 (64·2–71·6) 69·0 (64·8–73·2) 63·6 (60·5–67·0) 64·9 (61·8–68·2) 66·3 (62·8–70·2)
Grenada 75·1 (73·9–76·3) 76·6 (75·2–78·1) 78·2 (75·7–80·3) 70·3 (68·9–71·7) 72·0 (70·4–73·6) 73·8 (71·2–75·7) 64·3 (61·0–67·2) 65·4 (62·1–68·3) 66·1 (62·1–69·9) 62·0 (59·4–64·4) 63·3 (60·7–65·9) 64·2 (61·0–67·3)
Guyana 70·9 (66·9–73·8) 74·7 (71·5–77·7) 77·8 (74·1–81·3) 64·1 (60·1–67·5) 67·7 (64·1–71·4) 70·8 (66·5–75·0) 60·0 (55·8–64·1) 62·8 (58·5–66·8) 64·6 (59·9–69·2) 55·9 (52·0–59·5) 58·5 (54·6–62·3) 60·6 (56·2–64·8)
Haiti 63·4 (42·8–67·6) 66·2 (57·9–70·4) 70·9 (50·2–77·0) 61·8 (34·5–66·4) 65·1 (56·6–69·7) 69·4 (40·5–75·0) 53·7 (37·1–58·2) 56·0 (48·0–60·7) 59·3 (42·7–65·5) 54·4 (30·9–59·0) 57·1 (49·7–61·6) 60·4 (36·6–65·8)
Jamaica 77·6 (74·7–80·4) 79·3 (76·2–82·4) 81·0 (77·3–84·6) 73·9 (70·7–77·0) 76·0 (72·5–79·3) 77·6 (74·1–80·8) 66·5 (62·7–70·0) 67·9 (64·0–71·6) 68·9 (64·4–73·2) 65·4 (62·1–68·9) 67·0 (63·5–70·5) 68·0 (64·1–71·6)
Puerto Rico 84·4 (82·8–86·0) 86·3 (84·6–87·9) 87·2 (85·0–89·1) 76·7 (74·7–78·9) 79·3 (77·2–81·5) 81·2 (78·8–83·4) 71·5 (67·3–75·1) 73·3 (69·2–76·9) 73·8 (69·4–77·6) 66·9 (63·7–70·1) 69·1 (65·9–72·4) 70·3 (66·6–73·7)
Saint Kitts and Nevis 76·5 (74·7–78·1) 78·3 (76·6–80·0) 80·3 (77·8–82·6) 69·9 (67·8–71·7) 72·1 (70·3–73·9) 74·7 (72·5–76·8) 65·6 (62·1–68·6) 67·0 (63·5–70·1) 68·1 (64·0–71·8) 61·6 (58·7–64·2) 63·2 (60·3–66·0) 64·9 (61·6–68·1)
Saint Lucia 77·9 (75·6–80·1) 80·4 (78·2–82·4) 82·3 (79·2–84·9) 71·6 (68·9–74·3) 74·2 (71·5–76·7) 76·2 (73·1–78·9) 66·2 (62·1–69·5) 68·1 (64·1–71·7) 68·9 (64·3–73·0) 62·9 (59·5–66·0) 64·8 (61·6–67·9) 65·9 (62·1–69·4)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 75·4 (73·7–76·8) 77·2 (75·5–78·9) 79·1 (76·4–81·3) 70·1 (68·4–71·6) 72·0 (70·3–73·6) 73·6 (71·3–75·6) 64·5 (61·1–67·6) 65·9 (62·4–69·1) 66·7 (62·6–70·5) 61·7 (59·0–64·3) 63·1 (60·1–65·8) 63·9 (60·7–67·1)
Suriname 76·0 (73·4–78·6) 78·3 (75·5–81·0) 80·6 (76·4–84·2) 69·9 (66·5–73·4) 72·6 (69·1–76·5) 75·4 (70·6–80·0) 64·4 (60·6–68·0) 66·2 (62·1–70·2) 67·5 (62·5–72·1) 61·2 (57·8–64·8) 63·3 (59·4–67·3) 65·1 (60·5–69·7)
Trinidad and Tobago 76·3 (73·4–78·8) 79·9 (77·2–82·8) 82·6 (79·3–85·8) 69·4 (66·1–72·4) 73·2 (69·9–76·6) 75·8 (72·4–79·2) 64·9 (61·0–68·6) 67·8 (63·6–71·7) 69·2 (64·7–73·7) 60·9 (57·6–64·1) 63·8 (60·3–67·4) 65·2 (61·3–69·1)
Virgin Islands 81·5 (78·5–83·8) 84·7 (82·9–86·4) 85·9 (83·9–87·8) 70·9 (67·3–74·0) 74·7 (72·1–77·1) 77·0 (74·4–79·5) 69·1 (65·0–72·7) 71·6 (67·6–75·2) 71·9 (67·6–75·9) 62·1 (58·5–65·5) 65·2 (61·9–68·5) 66·7 (63·2–70·2)
Central Latin America 78·6 (77·2–79·8) 80·1 (77·8–82·0) 81·9 (78·6–84·6) 72·1 (70·4–73·5) 74·1 (71·9–76·0) 76·6 (73·5–79·0) 66·8 (63·3–69·9) 68·0 (64·3–71·5) 68·7 (64·1–72·9) 63·2 (60·5–65·9) 64·8 (61·7–67·8) 66·1 (62·4–69·7)
Colombia 82·9 (81·1–84·6) 84·9 (83·2–86·7) 86·7 (84·0–89·0) 76·7 (74·6–78·9) 79·4 (77·2–81·5) 82·0 (79·3–84·3) 70·6 (67·1–73·8) 72·2 (68·4–75·6) 72·9 (68·5–76·9) 67·2 (64·3–70·2) 69·2 (66·0–72·4) 70·8 (67·2–74·2)
Costa Rica 82·9 (81·9–84·0) 84·5 (83·4–85·7) 86·0 (84·2–87·7) 76·6 (75·2–77·9) 78·3 (77·0–79·7) 80·2 (78·3–82·0) 70·1 (66·3–73·4) 71·4 (67·5–74·8) 72·1 (67·9–76·1) 66·8 (63·8–69·8) 68·0 (64·9–71·0) 69·1 (65·9–72·4)
El Salvador 79·0 (76·9–80·9) 80·7 (78·4–83·0) 81·9 (78·6–84·8) 70·1 (67·5–72·6) 72·5 (69·7–75·2) 74·7 (71·5–77·6) 67·4 (63·5–70·9) 68·8 (64·8–72·3) 69·2 (64·8–73·4) 61·2 (57·9–64·4) 63·0 (59·5–66·3) 64·2 (60·5–67·9)
Guatemala 75·9 (74·4–77·4) 78·0 (76·3–79·7) 80·9 (78·0–83·4) 70·9 (68·9–72·9) 73·3 (71·3–75·3) 76·4 (73·6–78·7) 64·1 (60·5–67·4) 65·9 (62·3–69·5) 67·3 (63·2–71·7) 61·4 (58·3–64·5) 63·3 (60·2–66·5) 65·0 (61·5–68·7)
Honduras 72·8 (69·6–74·8) 74·7 (71·5–77·0) 77·0 (73·6–79·9) 69·9 (65·4–71·9) 72·3 (67·3–74·2) 74·8 (70·3–77·2) 62·4 (58·6–65·7) 64·1 (60·2–67·5) 65·5 (61·2–69·5) 61·6 (57·5–64·5) 63·5 (59·3–66·4) 65·0 (60·8–68·5)
Mexico 77·6 (76·3–79·0) 79·5 (77·9–81·0) 81·1 (78·7–83·3) 71·2 (69·4–73·1) 73·6 (71·7–75·8) 75·6 (73·0–78·2) 65·8 (62·2–68·9) 67·2 (63·6–70·4) 67·7 (63·3–71·5) 62·5 (59·7–65·6) 64·3 (61·2–67·6) 65·1 (61·8–68·9)
Nicaragua 82·0 (79·9–83·6) 82·5 (80·5–84·3) 83·5 (80·5–86·2) 77·0 (74·1–78·9) 78·0 (75·0–80·0) 79·3 (75·7–82·3) 69·4 (65·4–73·0) 69·6 (65·8–73·4) 69·8 (65·6–74·3) 66·8 (63·4–69·9) 67·3 (63·9–70·6) 67·7 (63·7–71·9)
Panama 82·3 (80·4–84·3) 84·1 (82·1–86·1) 85·7 (83·3–88·2) 76·8 (74·5–79·3) 79·2 (76·7–81·7) 81·3 (78·6–84·1) 69·7 (65·9–73·1) 71·0 (66·8–74·4) 71·5 (67·0–75·5) 67·1 (64·0–70·3) 68·7 (65·5–72·3) 69·8 (66·1–73·7)
Venezuela 76·7 (72·7–79·6) 76·1 (66·5–82·5) 77·8 (65·3–85·8) 67·7 (62·9–71·4) 67·3 (58·4–73·3) 70·0 (57·9–77·7) 65·8 (61·4–69·6) 65·7 (57·1–72·2) 66·7 (55·8–74·7) 60·0 (55·6–63·7) 59·9 (52·2–65·4) 61·9 (52·0–68·9)
Tropical Latin America 79·8 (79·4–80·2) 81·5 (80·6–82·2) 83·2 (80·9–84·8) 73·3 (72·9–73·8) 75·2 (74·5–75·8) 77·4 (75·3–78·5) 66·5 (62·5–69·7) 67·8 (63·9–71·1) 68·7 (64·3–72·6) 63·6 (60·7–66·1) 65·0 (62·0–67·5) 66·2 (62·8–69·2)
Brazil 79·8 (79·5–80·2) 81·5 (80·6–82·2) 83·2 (81·0–84·8) 73·3 (72·9–73·8) 75·2 (74·5–75·8) 77·4 (75·3–78·6) 66·5 (62·5–69·7) 67·8 (63·9–71·0) 68·7 (64·3–72·6) 63·6 (60·6–66·1) 65·0 (62·0–67·5) 66·2 (62·8–69·2)
Paraguay 78·5 (76·1–80·7) 80·2 (77·5–82·7) 82·3 (78·7–85·3) 72·4 (69·3–75·1) 73·9 (70·6–76·7) 75·8 (71·9–78·9) 66·4 (62·4–69·9) 67·7 (63·6–71·4) 68·9 (64·1–73·0) 63·5 (60·3–66·7) 64·6 (61·3–68·0) 65·7 (61·8–69·2)
North Africa and Middle East 75·4 (74·2–76·7) 77·1 (75·5–78·6) 79·4 (76·4–82·0) 72·1 (70·7–73·5) 74·3 (72·5–75·8) 76·9 (73·8–79·5) 63·5 (59·9–66·7) 64·8 (61·3–68·3) 65·8 (61·3–70·0) 63·3 (60·6–65·9) 64·9 (62·1–67·7) 66·0 (62·3–69·6)
Afghanistan 63·2 (60·6–65·9) 66·1 (63·0–69·1) 71·9 (67·1–76·6) 62·7 (59·8–65·7) 66·8 (63·9–69·9) 72·4 (67·9–77·0) 53·2 (49·7–56·6) 55·7 (51·9–59·2) 59·8 (54·5–64·8) 54·1 (50·8–57·5) 57·3 (53·7–60·7) 61·0 (56·3–65·8)
Algeria 77·8 (76·6–78·9) 79·0 (77·5–80·3) 81·4 (78·8–83·7) 76·9 (75·3–78·4) 78·5 (76·6–80·3) 81·2 (78·2–84·0) 65·8 (62·1–68·8) 66·5 (62·9–69·9) 67·5 (63·1–71·6) 67·5 (64·6–70·2) 68·6 (65·5–71·5) 69·7 (65·8–73·4)
Bahrain 76·9 (75·9–77·9) 78·3 (77·0–79·4) 80·0 (77·6–81·9) 75·4 (74·2–76·6) 77·1 (75·9–78·3) 79·0 (76·7–80·6) 64·5 (60·8–67·6) 65·6 (61·9–68·8) 66·2 (62·2–70·1) 66·1 (63·3–68·5) 67·4 (64·6–70·0) 68·1 (64·9–71·2)
Egypt 71·4 (69·9–72·7) 72·7 (71·1–74·3) 75·1 (72·4–77·5) 69·7 (67·7–71·8) 71·2 (69·0–73·4) 73·2 (69·6–76·4) 61·2 (58·0–64·0) 62·3 (58·8–65·4) 63·2 (59·4–67·2) 62·0 (59·3–64·6) 63·0 (60·0–66·0) 63·5 (60·0–67·4)
Iran 80·4 (79·5–81·0) 82·0 (80·9–83·0) 84·2 (81·4–86·5) 77·4 (75·9–78·1) 79·4 (77·9–80·4) 81·8 (78·6–84·1) 67·1 (63·0–70·4) 68·3 (64·2–71·7) 69·1 (64·4–73·5) 67·2 (64·2–69·8) 68·7 (65·7–71·5) 69·7 (65·6–73·5)
Iraq 74·7 (72·0–77·1) 76·9 (73·9–79·2) 80·7 (76·3–84·0) 69·1 (65·7–72·5) 71·2 (67·8–74·5) 74·8 (70·3–78·8) 62·7 (58·9–66·2) 64·5 (60·6–68·2) 66·8 (61·7–71·3) 60·2 (56·6–63·7) 61·9 (58·3–65·7) 64·1 (59·7–68·3)
Jordan 80·0 (78·4–81·4) 82·3 (80·5–83·9) 84·7 (82·1–87·2) 78·9 (76·6–80·9) 81·7 (79·4–83·9) 84·0 (80·8–86·8) 66·9 (63·1–70·3) 68·7 (64·7–72·2) 69·7 (65·3–74·0) 68·8 (65·8–71·7) 70·8 (67·5–74·0) 71·7 (68·0–75·5)
Kuwait 87·0 (86·0–87·9) 87·8 (86·5–89·0) 88·9 (86·2–90·8) 80·1 (78·2–81·9) 80·9 (79·1–82·8) 82·4 (79·8–84·6) 71·9 (67·5–75·7) 72·6 (68·1–76·3) 72·6 (67·8–77·1) 69·5 (66·4–72·4) 69·9 (66·5–72·9) 70·2 (66·5–73·7)
Lebanon 81·0 (79·5–82·2) 83·1 (81·7–84·5) 84·3 (82·1–86·3) 75·7 (73·9–77·3) 78·3 (76·6–80·0) 79·8 (77·3–81·7) 67·5 (63·5–71·1) 69·2 (65·5–73·0) 69·5 (65·1–73·8) 65·8 (62·8–68·6) 67·7 (64·7–70·7) 68·0 (64·4–71·4)
Libya 74·0 (71·2–76·3) 76·1 (72·8–78·9) 77·6 (73·1–81·5) 69·7 (66·4–72·5) 72·4 (68·4–75·8) 73·8 (69·1–77·8) 62·3 (58·7–66·0) 63·9 (59·9–67·8) 64·3 (59·4–69·2) 61·2 (57·5–64·6) 63·1 (59·1–66·7) 63·4 (59·1–67·8)
Morocco 74·5 (72·3–76·4) 76·5 (74·2–79·0) 79·4 (75·1–83·5) 72·1 (69·9–74·4) 74·6 (72·6–77·5) 77·3 (73·6–81·0) 62·6 (58·9–66·3) 64·2 (60·4–68·1) 65·3 (60·4–70·3) 63·3 (60·3–66·4) 65·2 (62·1–68·4) 66·3 (62·3–70·6)
Oman 79·8 (78·1–81·5) 80·5 (78·4–82·7) 82·6 (78·5–86·4) 74·7 (72·9–76·3) 75·6 (73·8–77·6) 77·6 (74·2–80·5) 67·2 (63·6–70·8) 67·6 (63·7–71·5) 68·1 (63·1–73·2) 65·6 (63·0–68·6) 66·3 (63·3–69·4) 66·9 (63·0–70·8)
Palestine 76·4 (74·2–77·9) 78·5 (76·3–80·0) 80·2 (77·2–82·6) 72·2 (68·1–74·1) 74·9 (70·6–77·1) 76·9 (72·3–79·5) 64·5 (61·1–67·9) 66·2 (62·3–69·6) 66·9 (62·8–71·2) 63·2 (59·4–66·2) 65·3 (60·8–68·4) 66·4 (62·5–70·1)
Qatar 80·1 (78·4–81·6) 80·5 (78·7–82·1) 81·4 (78·9–83·3) 77·8 (75·7–79·7) 79·2 (77·2–81·1) 80·9 (78·6–83·1) 66·6 (62·8–70·1) 66·9 (63·1–70·3) 67·0 (62·9–70·9) 67·8 (64·8–70·6) 69·0 (65·9–72·0) 69·8 (66·6–73·1)
Saudi Arabia 75·9 (73·6–77·9) 76·6 (74·2–78·8) 78·3 (74·5–81·3) 73·0 (71·1–74·7) 73·7 (71·4–75·6) 75·2 (71·1–78·3) 64·0 (60·7–67·1) 64·5 (60·9–67·8) 65·0 (60·5–69·3) 63·7 (61·0–66·3) 64·0 (61·2–66·8) 64·4 (60·5–68·3)
Sudan 71·1 (68·0–73·7) 73·8 (70·2–77·2) 76·5 (67·3–82·4) 68·5 (65·1–71·2) 71·7 (67·9–75·0) 74·1 (66·5–79·6) 60·4 (56·7–64·2) 62·5 (58·4–66·8) 63·9 (56·2–70·4) 60·5 (56·8–63·7) 63·0 (59·1–66·8) 64·1 (57·2–69·6)
Syria 73·5 (68·4–77·4) 74·6 (69·3–78·6) 76·5 (70·4–81·2) 67·9 (58·5–74·7) 69·3 (60·3–76·0) 71·7 (62·2–79·2) 62·1 (56·7–66·9) 62·8 (57·7–67·8) 62·3 (55·4–68·1) 59·6 (51·2–66·3) 60·4 (52·9–67·1) 60·2 (51·5–67·7)
Tunisia 79·3 (77·0–81·6) 81·8 (79·3–84·3) 83·9 (80·5–87·0) 74·0 (71·3–76·6) 77·0 (74·0–79·6) 79·2 (75·7–82·4) 66·6 (62·7–70·2) 68·4 (64·2–72·2) 69·1 (64·3–73·7) 65·0 (61·8–68·1) 67·2 (63·9–70·6) 68·2 (64·3–72·1)
Türkiye 80·1 (78·7–81·5) 81·8 (80·3–83·2) 83·4 (81·3–85·3) 75·0 (73·2–77·0) 77·2 (75·3–79·2) 79·5 (77·5–81·6) 67·6 (64·0–70·9) 68·9 (65·3–72·3) 69·6 (65·5–73·4) 66·4 (63·8–69·1) 68·0 (65·2–70·8) 69·1 (66·1–72·3)
United Arab Emirates 71·9 (71·2–72·7) 72·4 (71·6–73·3) 73·2 (71·8–74·4) 79·0 (77·4–80·7) 80·3 (78·6–82·1) 81·6 (79·1–83·9) 61·2 (57·9–64·0) 61·9 (58·8–64·6) 62·1 (58·8–65·1) 68·4 (65·1–71·3) 69·5 (66·4–72·3) 70·0 (66·5–73·6)
Yemen 70·2 (65·9–73·4) 72·7 (68·7–76·1) 77·0 (71·3–82·2) 66·4 (62·1–70·1) 69·0 (64·7–72·5) 72·8 (67·4–77·7) 58·5 (52·8–62·8) 60·6 (55·7–65·1) 63·6 (58·1–69·4) 58·5 (53·8–62·6) 60·5 (56·3–64·4) 63·0 (57·9–68·0)
South Asia 72·8 (71·7–73·9) 75·4 (73·7–77·1) 79·4 (75·4–82·8) 69·5 (68·2–70·7) 72·1 (70·2–73·7) 76·3 (72·2–79·8) 61·1 (57·8–64·1) 63·1 (59·6–66·6) 65·6 (61·1–70·4) 60·8 (58·2–63·4) 62·8 (60·1–65·6) 65·6 (61·5–69·7)
Bangladesh 75·6 (73·1–77·7) 78·0 (75·3–80·4) 81·5 (77·1–85·2) 73·1 (70·1–75·6) 75·6 (72·5–78·2) 79·2 (74·8–82·4) 63·9 (60·5–67·0) 65·6 (62·0–69·0) 67·2 (62·5–71·9) 64·3 (61·1–67·3) 66·2 (62·9–69·3) 68·5 (64·4–72·3)
Bhutan 74·1 (71·7–76·4) 77·2 (74·6–79·5) 80·8 (76·8–84·2) 71·5 (68·9–73·9) 74·9 (72·1–77·4) 78·4 (74·2–81·7) 63·3 (60·2–66·3) 65·4 (62·0–68·6) 67·6 (63·1–72·2) 63·1 (60·4–65·9) 65·6 (62·6–68·4) 67·7 (63·6–71·7)
India 73·3 (72·1–74·6) 75·7 (74·0–77·5) 79·8 (75·9–83·3) 69·6 (68·2–71·0) 72·0 (70·1–73·8) 76·2 (72·1–79·7) 61·4 (58·0–64·5) 63·3 (59·6–66·8) 65·9 (61·5–70·8) 60·8 (58·2–63·4) 62·7 (60·0–65·6) 65·5 (61·5–69·7)
Nepal 73·5 (71·2–75·5) 76·5 (74·0–78·6) 80·8 (76·8–84·2) 70·1 (67·6–72·3) 72·9 (70·4–75·2) 77·1 (73·0–80·4) 62·2 (59·0–65·1) 64·6 (61·1–67·9) 67·3 (62·8–71·8) 61·3 (58·8–63·9) 63·6 (60·7–66·5) 66·3 (62·3–70·3)
Pakistan 68·5 (65·6–71·2) 71·4 (68·5–74·2) 75·7 (70·8–79·6) 67·3 (64·2–70·1) 70·5 (67·2–73·6) 75·0 (70·2–79·3) 58·0 (54·5–61·5) 60·2 (56·6–63·9) 62·7 (57·6–67·8) 59·0 (55·9–62·3) 61·5 (58·1–65·1) 64·4 (59·7–69·2)
Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania 79·2 (77·8–80·7) 80·8 (79·4–82·4) 82·8 (80·6–84·8) 73·3 (71·6–74·9) 74·9 (73·2–76·5) 77·0 (74·7–78·8) 68·7 (65·4–71·5) 69·9 (66·3–72·8) 70·7 (66·8–74·3) 65·6 (63·4–67·9) 66·8 (64·4–69·0) 68·0 (65·0–70·7)
East Asia 81·0 (79·1–82·8) 82·7 (80·8–84·6) 84·6 (82·3–86·8) 75·2 (73·0–77·2) 76·6 (74·4–78·6) 78·6 (76·1–80·8) 70·5 (66·9–73·2) 71·6 (67·9–74·6) 72·4 (68·4–75·9) 67·4 (65·0–70·0) 68·4 (65·8–70·9) 69·4 (66·4–72·4)
China 81·1 (79·1–82·9) 82·7 (80·7–84·7) 84·7 (82·3–86·9) 75·2 (73·0–77·3) 76·7 (74·4–78·7) 78·7 (76·0–80·9) 70·5 (66·9–73·3) 71·6 (67·9–74·6) 72·4 (68·5–76·0) 67·4 (65·0–70·1) 68·4 (65·8–71·0) 69·5 (66·5–72·4)
North Korea 76·2 (73·7–78·4) 77·4 (74·6–79·7) 79·5 (75·4–82·6) 70·3 (68·0–72·5) 71·8 (69·2–74·0) 74·7 (70·8–77·6) 66·9 (63·9–69·8) 67·8 (64·6–70·9) 69·2 (65·1–73·0) 63·7 (61·3–66·2) 64·9 (62·3–67·5) 67·2 (63·6–70·3)
Taiwan (Province of China) 84·6 (84·0–85·2) 85·6 (85·1–86·2) 86·2 (85·5–87·0) 78·0 (77·2–78·7) 79·0 (78·5–79·8) 80·2 (79·4–81·1) 72·5 (69·0–75·6) 73·3 (69·7–76·3) 73·1 (69·2–76·2) 69·2 (66·5–71·4) 69·9 (67·2–72·2) 70·4 (67·6–72·8)
Oceania 67·8 (65·1–70·0) 69·9 (67·0–72·2) 73·8 (68·6–77·9) 64·9 (62·2–67·2) 67·3 (64·5–69·7) 71·4 (67·5–74·9) 58·6 (55·5–61·4) 60·4 (57·0–63·4) 63·1 (58·5–67·6) 57·5 (54·6–60·0) 59·6 (56·7–62·3) 62·6 (58·8–66·2)
American Samoa 72·9 (70·6–74·8) 73·2 (70·9–75·6) 75·0 (71·6–77·7) 69·4 (67·1–71·2) 70·1 (67·8–72·2) 72·4 (69·3–74·8) 62·0 (58·7–65·2) 62·6 (59·0–65·9) 63·4 (59·3–67·4) 60·9 (58·0–63·5) 61·7 (58·6–64·5) 63·0 (59·6–66·2)
Cook Islands 79·9 (77·7–81·7) 80·9 (78·8–83·0) 82·7 (79·9–85·3) 73·0 (71·0–74·9) 74·0 (71·9–75·9) 75·3 (72·4–77·9) 68·0 (64·3–71·2) 68·7 (64·9–72·1) 69·2 (65·0–73·2) 64·4 (61·4–67·1) 65·0 (61·9–67·9) 65·1 (61·7–68·6)
Federated States of Micronesia 69·8 (66·6–72·6) 70·5 (67·4–73·4) 71·9 (67·6–75·6) 64·7 (61·0–67·7) 65·5 (62·0–68·5) 67·4 (62·9–71·2) 60·6 (57·1–64·0) 60·9 (57·4–64·6) 61·4 (57·1–65·6) 57·9 (54·6–61·1) 58·5 (55·0–61·8) 59·4 (55·2–63·4)
Fiji 70·4 (67·4–73·1) 72·0 (68·7–74·9) 75·1 (70·7–78·9) 66·0 (63·0–69·1) 67·7 (64·4–70·8) 70·7 (66·6–74·5) 60·8 (57·3–64·1) 62·0 (58·2–65·7) 63·8 (59·1–68·1) 58·7 (55·5–61·8) 60·1 (56·7–63·4) 62·0 (57·9–65·9)
Guam 83·6 (81·4–85·1) 87·3 (85·7–88·8) 89·3 (86·1–91·8) 74·1 (71·5–76·0) 77·9 (76·0–79·7) 80·3 (77·4–82·9) 71·4 (67·5–75·1) 74·7 (70·5–78·6) 75·9 (71·0–80·7) 65·6 (62·4–68·5) 68·6 (65·6–71·4) 70·2 (66·5–73·8)
Kiribati 67·1 (64·0–69·7) 68·7 (65·8–71·4) 71·9 (67·5–75·7) 61·2 (57·8–64·2) 63·1 (59·8–66·1) 66·8 (62·4–70·6) 58·0 (54·7–61·4) 59·1 (55·6–62·4) 60·9 (56·3–65·4) 54·7 (51·5–57·7) 56·2 (53·0–59·3) 58·6 (54·6–62·8)
Marshall Islands 66·9 (63·6–69·7) 67·8 (64·3–71·1) 70·1 (64·7–74·5) 63·6 (60·0–66·7) 64·8 (61·0–68·1) 67·4 (62·3–72·0) 57·9 (54·4–61·3) 58·3 (54·4–62·0) 59·6 (54·3–64·4) 56·6 (53·0–59·8) 57·3 (53·5–60·8) 58·9 (54·2–63·4)
Nauru 65·9 (62·3–68·8) 67·1 (63·4–70·3) 70·0 (64·3–74·5) 59·4 (55·8–62·7) 60·3 (56·5–64·1) 62·9 (57·1–67·7) 57·3 (53·7–60·6) 58·1 (54·4–61·8) 59·9 (54·6–64·8) 53·4 (50·1–56·6) 54·0 (50·4–57·5) 55·7 (50·6–60·4)
Niue 70·1 (68·2–71·9) 71·2 (69·0–73·5) 73·8 (70·4–76·8) 65·7 (63·3–67·4) 66·9 (64·5–69·0) 69·7 (66·5–72·2) 60·5 (57·4–63·3) 61·1 (57·7–64·1) 62·4 (58·1–66·4) 58·5 (55·9–61·1) 59·3 (56·5–61·9) 61·0 (57·5–64·3)
Northern Mariana Islands 76·3 (75·5–78·0) 77·2 (76·1–78·7) 78·2 (75·6–80·4) 71·1 (70·7–72·6) 71·7 (70·8–73·2) 73·1 (70·8–74·9) 66·0 (63·1–68·8) 66·8 (63·7–69·5) 67·1 (63·5–70·5) 63·4 (61·1–65·5) 63·8 (61·4–65·9) 64·5 (61·5–67·3)
Palau 70·5 (68·3–72·6) 71·1 (68·7–73·2) 72·5 (69·2–75·0) 67·7 (65·0–70·4) 68·7 (65·8–71·4) 71·0 (66·9–74·1) 61·0 (58·2–63·7) 61·3 (58·3–64·2) 61·8 (58·2–65·2) 60·0 (57·2–62·8) 60·6 (57·7–63·4) 62·0 (58·3–65·3)
Papua New Guinea 67·0 (64·0–69·7) 69·3 (66·2–72·1) 73·5 (68·1–78·0) 64·9 (61·6–67·6) 67·4 (64·1–70·2) 71·7 (67·5–75·3) 57·9 (54·6–60·9) 60·0 (56·7–63·1) 63·0 (58·2–67·6) 57·4 (54·2–60·2) 59·6 (56·5–62·6) 62·8 (58·9–66·6)
Samoa 71·0 (68·3–73·2) 71·8 (68·7–74·2) 73·3 (69·2–76·6) 68·8 (65·9–70·8) 70·2 (67·2–72·2) 72·5 (68·8–75·7) 61·4 (57·9–64·8) 61·8 (58·3–65·3) 62·4 (58·4–66·7) 61·1 (58·2–63·8) 62·1 (58·7–64·9) 63·3 (59·7–67·1)
Solomon Islands 68·3 (64·5–71·2) 68·9 (65·0–71·9) 71·3 (66·5–75·5) 63·7 (59·7–66·7) 64·4 (60·4–67·5) 67·3 (62·5–71·5) 59·3 (55·8–62·8) 59·7 (55·7–63·3) 61·1 (56·5–65·8) 57·3 (53·9–60·4) 57·8 (53·9–61·0) 59·7 (55·3–64·0)
Tokelau 69·1 (66·8–71·2) 70·9 (68·3–73·3) 74·5 (70·4–78·0) 68·2 (66·1–70·1) 69·8 (67·7–71·9) 73·1 (69·6–75·9) 59·6 (56·5–62·6) 60·8 (57·2–64·1) 62·8 (58·0–67·1) 60·5 (57·8–63·0) 61·5 (58·6–64·4) 63·2 (59·3–66·9)
Tonga 75·7 (72·9–78·1) 76·7 (73·9–79·3) 78·6 (75·2–81·6) 70·7 (68·1–73·0) 71·9 (69·3–74·3) 74·2 (70·9–76·9) 65·2 (61·4–68·7) 65·7 (61·8–69·3) 66·4 (62·0–70·6) 63·2 (60·1–66·2) 63·9 (60·8–67·0) 65·0 (61·2–68·7)
Tuvalu 70·8 (68·0–73·2) 72·0 (69·2–74·5) 74·2 (69·9–77·7) 65·9 (62·8–68·7) 67·2 (63·9–69·9) 69·6 (64·9–73·0) 61·6 (58·3–64·7) 62·3 (58·9–65·6) 63·2 (58·8–67·5) 59·2 (56·4–62·1) 60·1 (57·2–63·0) 61·4 (57·5–65·0)
Vanuatu 68·9 (66·3–71·0) 71·9 (69·7–74·1) 74·5 (70·7–78·0) 62·2 (59·4–64·5) 65·9 (63·5–68·2) 69·4 (65·4–73·0) 60·0 (57·0–62·9) 62·3 (59·2–65·6) 63·8 (59·7–68·2) 56·1 (53·4–58·7) 59·0 (56·4–61·9) 61·4 (57·6–65·3)
Southeast Asia 75·8 (74·4–77·0) 77·6 (76·0–78·9) 80·2 (77·7–82·3) 70·1 (68·6–71·5) 72·1 (70·5–73·5) 75·0 (72·7–77·0) 65·6 (62·4–68·3) 67·0 (63·6–69·7) 68·5 (64·7–72·1) 62·5 (60·3–64·9) 64·2 (61·7–66·6) 66·2 (63·3–69·1)
Cambodia 72·2 (69·4–74·8) 74·2 (71·6–77·0) 77·3 (74·1–80·4) 67·0 (64·1–69·9) 69·1 (66·3–71·8) 72·5 (69·4–75·5) 62·5 (59·0–65·8) 64·2 (60·7–67·4) 66·2 (62·4–70·4) 59·6 (56·5–62·6) 61·3 (57·9–64·4) 63·7 (60·0–67·5)
Indonesia 73·5 (71·2–75·5) 75·6 (73·1–77·8) 78·7 (76·0–81·7) 69·4 (67·0–71·7) 71·8 (69·4–74·1) 75·5 (72·6–78·5) 64·0 (60·7–67·0) 65·7 (62·3–68·6) 67·7 (63·7–71·6) 62·2 (59·4–65·0) 64·2 (61·2–67·0) 66·9 (63·5–70·0)
Laos 70·5 (67·8–73·2) 74·1 (71·0–76·6) 78·1 (74·4–81·1) 65·9 (62·9–68·8) 69·8 (66·7–72·8) 74·0 (70·5–77·1) 61·5 (58·6–64·6) 64·4 (61·2–67·6) 67·0 (63·0–70·8) 59·1 (56·2–62·0) 62·4 (59·5–65·4) 65·4 (62·1–68·7)
Malaysia 77·0 (76·8–77·2) 78·4 (77·8–78·9) 80·3 (78·7–81·5) 72·6 (72·3–72·9) 74·6 (73·8–75·3) 77·7 (75·7–79·3) 66·3 (63·1–69·0) 67·2 (64·0–69·9) 68·1 (64·4–71·3) 64·4 (62·0–66·4) 65·9 (63·5–68·0) 68·0 (64·9–70·7)
Maldives 82·3 (80·8–83·7) 84·3 (82·6–85·9) 86·7 (83·8–89·1) 79·8 (78·1–81·6) 81·8 (79·8–83·6) 84·2 (81·4–86·6) 70·2 (66·9–73·4) 71·8 (68·2–75·0) 72·7 (68·5–76·7) 70·4 (67·8–73·2) 71·9 (69·1–74·7) 73·0 (69·4–76·4)
Mauritius 78·1 (77·9–78·9) 79·5 (78·8–80·4) 82·1 (80·1–83·7) 71·8 (71·6–72·7) 73·5 (72·8–74·4) 76·7 (74·8–78·3) 66·6 (63·2–69·5) 67·5 (64·0–70·5) 68·9 (64·9–72·5) 63·2 (60·7–65·5) 64·4 (61·8–66·7) 66·5 (63·4–69·5)
Myanmar 72·7 (69·7–74·9) 74·8 (71·4–77·0) 78·8 (74·6–81·8) 66·2 (62·6–68·8) 68·1 (63·9–70·5) 71·4 (67·0–74·6) 63·0 (59·8–66·0) 64·7 (61·2–67·8) 67·4 (63·1–71·2) 59·2 (55·9–61·8) 60·7 (57·2–63·6) 63·1 (59·1–66·5)
Philippines 75·2 (73·4–77·0) 76·8 (74·6–78·5) 79·3 (76·9–81·6) 69·0 (66·5–71·5) 71·0 (68·5–73·7) 74·6 (71·7–77·6) 64·8 (61·6–67·9) 66·0 (62·8–69·1) 67·6 (64·0–71·0) 61·4 (58·6–64·4) 63·1 (60·1–66·2) 65·6 (62·2–69·3)
Seychelles 77·2 (76·2–78·1) 78·6 (77·5–79·7) 80·0 (78·1–81·7) 71·4 (70·3–72·5) 73·8 (72·6–74·9) 75·7 (73·8–77·3) 66·1 (62·4–69·0) 67·4 (64·0–70·4) 67·5 (63·6–70·9) 63·2 (60·7–65·5) 65·1 (62·5–67·6) 65·7 (62·6–68·6)
Sri Lanka 80·9 (77·4–84·0) 81·9 (78·2–85·2) 84·3 (80·6–87·7) 74·9 (69·8–79·3) 76·2 (71·6–80·5) 78·7 (73·9–83·0) 68·8 (64·9–72·7) 69·7 (65·6–73·4) 70·9 (66·8–75·1) 65·5 (61·5–69·7) 66·6 (62·1–70·7) 68·1 (64·2–72·3)
Thailand 81·2 (78·8–83·6) 83·0 (80·6–85·4) 84·7 (82·0–87·4) 73·7 (70·5–76·8) 76·0 (72·7–79·2) 78·6 (75·1–82·0) 69·7 (65·9–72·8) 71·0 (67·1–74·5) 71·5 (67·3–75·3) 65·0 (61·7–68·3) 66·8 (63·4–70·2) 68·4 (64·8–72·2)
Timor-Leste 72·1 (69·7–74·3) 74·7 (71·9–76·9) 78·8 (74·8–82·0) 69·1 (66·7–71·5) 71·2 (68·4–73·8) 74·9 (70·8–78·1) 62·6 (59·6–65·5) 64·7 (61·4–67·8) 67·5 (63·4–71·4) 60·7 (57·9–63·6) 62·6 (59·7–65·5) 65·2 (61·5–68·7)
Viet Nam 78·8 (77·1–80·7) 80·2 (78·3–81·9) 81·9 (79·3–84·1) 70·4 (68·7–72·3) 71·4 (69·6–73·4) 72·1 (69·3–74·5) 68·6 (65·7–71·4) 69·6 (66·5–72·6) 70·6 (66·9–74·1) 63·4 (61·2–65·6) 64·1 (61·9–66·6) 64·5 (61·7–67·3)
Sub-Saharan Africa 66·6 (64·9–68·0) 70·4 (68·3–72·3) 75·5 (71·6–78·2) 62·2 (60·3–64·0) 66·3 (64·1–68·2) 71·6 (67·7–74·2) 56·7 (53·7–59·5) 60·0 (56·6–63·3) 63·8 (59·8–68·0) 55·0 (52·4–57·2) 58·6 (55·9–61·2) 62·6 (58·8–66·1)
Central sub- Saharan Africa 65·9 (63·4–68·2) 69·5 (65·8–72·4) 74·5 (69·6–77·8) 61·3 (58·5–63·8) 65·1 (61·1–67·9) 70·0 (64·8–73·4) 56·0 (52·9–59·1) 59·2 (55·1–62·5) 62·8 (58·1–66·9) 53·9 (51·1–56·8) 57·1 (53·7–60·2) 60·8 (56·6–64·5)
Angola 66·5 (63·3–69·7) 69·7 (65·5–73·0) 75·3 (70·7–78·8) 62·2 (59·1–65·3) 65·5 (61·9–68·8) 70·6 (66·3–74·0) 56·6 (53·5–60·1) 59·4 (55·4–62·8) 63·2 (58·7–67·1) 54·7 (51·7–57·8) 57·5 (54·1–60·7) 61·0 (56·9–64·7)
Central African Republic 55·9 (48·6–60·5) 61·9 (56·0–66·5) 68·3 (61·2–74·0) 49·2 (42·5–53·6) 55·0 (49·8–59·3) 61·1 (54·1–66·6) 47·7 (41·9–51·9) 52·7 (47·2–57·1) 57·5 (50·4–63·3) 43·5 (37·6–47·6) 48·4 (43·8–52·6) 53·3 (47·3–58·4)
Congo (Brazzaville) 64·9 (61·5–67·8) 67·9 (64·0–71·1) 72·1 (67·9–75·8) 63·6 (60·1–66·3) 66·4 (62·6–69·4) 69·9 (65·3–73·5) 55·3 (51·7–58·6) 57·9 (54·0–61·8) 60·8 (56·2–65·3) 56·2 (52·8–59·1) 58·6 (54·8–61·6) 61·1 (56·5–64·9)
DR Congo 66·5 (63·9–69·1) 70·1 (64·9–73·4) 74·6 (69·1–78·4) 61·8 (58·7–64·7) 65·5 (60·9–68·7) 70·2 (64·7–74·0) 56·4 (53·2–59·8) 59·6 (54·7–63·3) 63·1 (58·1–67·5) 54·3 (51·3–57·4) 57·4 (53·3–60·8) 61·1 (56·2–65·0)
Equatorial Guinea 66·3 (61·0–70·9) 69·8 (64·4–74·6) 74·9 (69·1–79·6) 62·8 (58·2–66·6) 65·8 (61·0–69·8) 69·9 (64·7–74·2) 56·1 (51·5–60·6) 58·9 (53·4–63·8) 62·5 (56·9–67·7) 55·3 (51·1–59·1) 57·7 (52·9–61·7) 60·6 (55·1–64·9)
Gabon 69·6 (65·9–72·8) 72·3 (68·3–75·9) 75·9 (72·1–79·7) 63·8 (60·1–67·0) 66·3 (62·7–69·6) 69·7 (65·8–73·0) 58·9 (54·9–62·7) 61·1 (56·7–65·2) 63·6 (59·1–67·9) 56·3 (52·7–59·6) 58·3 (54·7–61·8) 60·5 (56·6–64·4)
Eastern sub- Saharan Africa 67·3 (65·6–68·8) 71·5 (69·5–73·2) 76·5 (73·0–78·7) 62·8 (60·9–64·3) 67·2 (65·1–68·9) 72·4 (69·0–74·7) 57·6 (54·6–60·4) 61·2 (57·9–64·4) 65·0 (60·9–68·8) 55·6 (53·1–58·0) 59·4 (56·8–61·8) 63·4 (59·7–66·5)
Burundi 64·6 (61·1–67·2) 70·3 (66·5–73·5) 75·6 (71·2–79·0) 59·6 (54·5–62·8) 66·2 (62·3–69·4) 71·2 (66·9–74·7) 56·0 (52·9–59·0) 60·7 (56·8–63·9) 64·8 (60·3–68·8) 52·9 (48·7–56·0) 58·4 (54·6–61·8) 62·5 (58·4–66·2)
Comoros 69·7 (67·1–72·0) 72·0 (69·3–74·5) 75·8 (71·9–78·8) 67·6 (64·8–70·0) 69·9 (66·9–72·4) 73·5 (69·5–76·5) 59·9 (56·9–62·9) 62·0 (58·7–65·2) 64·6 (60·5–68·4) 59·9 (57·2–62·7) 61·9 (59·0–64·8) 64·3 (60·5–67·8)
Djibouti 69·8 (65·4–73·1) 72·8 (68·8–76·3) 77·1 (72·7–80·6) 66·1 (62·0–69·5) 68·9 (65·0–72·2) 72·5 (68·0–76·0) 60·2 (56·1–64·0) 62·8 (58·7–66·7) 65·9 (61·3–70·4) 59·0 (55·3–62·5) 61·2 (57·4–64·9) 63·9 (59·6–68·1)
Eritrea 66·0 (62·1–69·4) 69·5 (66·1–72·9) 74·3 (70·2–77·9) 60·4 (56·0–64·0) 64·1 (60·2–67·4) 69·1 (64·4–72·7) 57·0 (53·2–60·6) 60·0 (56·2–63·8) 63·7 (59·3–68·0) 53·3 (49·4–56·7) 56·3 (52·3–60·0) 60·1 (55·7–64·1)
Ethiopia 70·4 (68·4–72·4) 74·0 (71·8–76·2) 78·6 (75·3–81·2) 66·6 (64·4–68·7) 70·6 (68·1–72·8) 75·5 (72·0–78·2) 60·2 (56·6–63·6) 63·4 (59·8–67·1) 66·7 (62·3–70·8) 58·6 (56·1–61·6) 61·9 (58·8–65·0) 65·3 (61·4–68·9)
Kenya 70·6 (68·5–72·5) 73·9 (71·5–76·0) 77·6 (74·8–80·1) 65·4 (63·5–67·5) 69·1 (67·1–71·3) 73·4 (70·4–76·4) 60·4 (57·2–63·4) 63·3 (59·8–66·5) 66·0 (62·3–69·9) 58·1 (55·8–60·6) 61·3 (58·6–64·0) 64·7 (61·3–67·7)
Madagascar 63·7 (61·0–66·7) 68·9 (66·0–71·7) 73·7 (69·7–77·2) 60·7 (57·7–64·0) 67·0 (63·6–70·2) 71·9 (67·9–75·3) 55·1 (52·0–58·2) 59·5 (56·0–62·9) 63·2 (59·0–67·3) 54·4 (51·4–57·5) 59·6 (56·3–62·9) 63·5 (59·6–67·3)
Malawi 64·9 (61·8–67·7) 70·2 (66·5–73·8) 76·0 (71·7–80·1) 59·2 (56·6–61·7) 64·3 (61·1–67·1) 69·4 (65·2–72·8) 55·7 (52·5–59·1) 60·4 (56·7–64·0) 65·2 (60·8–69·8) 53·1 (50·7–55·7) 57·6 (54·6–60·5) 61·9 (58·2–65·3)
Mozambique 63·0 (60·4–66·1) 69·3 (65·6–73·1) 76·0 (71·6–79·9) 56·9 (54·4–59·3) 62·4 (58·8–65·2) 68·7 (64·5–72·0) 52·5 (49·1–55·9) 58·2 (54·3–61·9) 63·3 (58·6–67·4) 50·3 (47·7–53·0) 55·2 (51·6–58·1) 60·3 (56·6–63·8)
Rwanda 70·2 (67·4–72·8) 73·4 (70·4–76·2) 78·1 (74·5–80·8) 66·0 (63·4–68·8) 69·3 (66·4–72·2) 74·1 (70·6–77·0) 60·1 (57·3–63·4) 63·0 (59·8–66·3) 66·5 (62·7–70·1) 58·4 (55·6–61·4) 61·2 (58·2–64·3) 65·0 (61·6–68·4)
Somalia 60·2 (56·0–63·8) 63·1 (58·8–67·1) 69·0 (60·7–74·5) 54·9 (50·4–59·0) 57·7 (52·7–62·1) 63·1 (55·5–68·5) 52·0 (48·0–55·6) 54·6 (50·2–59·1) 59·2 (52·1–65·0) 49·0 (44·9–52·8) 51·5 (46·7–55·6) 55·9 (49·4–61·1)
South Sudan 60·2 (55·2–64·3) 64·5 (58·0–69·7) 71·7 (63·6–77·6) 55·2 (49·9–59·9) 59·7 (53·5–65·0) 66·5 (58·9–72·1) 51·0 (46·6–55·5) 54·8 (47·7–60·1) 60·7 (53·3–66·5) 48·5 (43·6–52·6) 52·4 (46·4–57·0) 58·0 (51·3–63·6)
Tanzania 69·1 (66·7–71·2) 72·2 (69·5–74·5) 76·6 (73·3–79·2) 66·0 (63·4–68·3) 69·3 (66·5–71·6) 74·5 (71·1–77·0) 59·1 (55·9–62·1) 61·7 (58·1–64·9) 64·9 (61·0–68·5) 58·6 (55·7–61·3) 61·4 (58·5–64·1) 65·4 (61·7–68·5)
Uganda 68·7 (65·3–71·0) 73·2 (70·1–75·7) 78·5 (74·8–81·0) 62·2 (59·0–64·5) 67·1 (63·7–69·5) 72·8 (69·4–75·1) 58·7 (55·4–61·9) 62·7 (58·9–66·0) 66·8 (62·7–70·3) 55·0 (52·0–57·7) 59·2 (56·0–62·1) 63·8 (60·6–66·9)
Zambia 65·3 (61·4–69·0) 69·8 (66·0–73·6) 74·7 (70·6–78·8) 60·8 (56·8–64·0) 65·2 (61·5–68·6) 69·5 (65·7–73·2) 55·7 (51·8–59·4) 59·7 (55·4–63·6) 63·6 (59·2–68·1) 53·8 (49·9–57·1) 57·7 (54·0–61·0) 61·2 (57·4–64·9)
Southern sub-Saharan Africa 66·1 (64·9–67·3) 70·3 (69·0–71·6) 74·9 (72·8–76·7) 59·9 (58·5–61·2) 64·3 (62·7–65·6) 68·8 (66·4–70·8) 55·6 (52·6–58·4) 59·1 (55·9–62·2) 62·7 (58·9–66·2) 52·6 (50·4–54·7) 56·3 (53·8–58·8) 60·1 (57·1–63·0)
Botswana 66·1 (63·3–68·7) 72·4 (70·0–74·7) 78·1 (75·1–80·5) 61·1 (58·5–63·3) 67·6 (65·0–69·8) 72·6 (69·7–75·1) 56·1 (52·8–59·5) 61·4 (57·9–64·8) 65·9 (61·8–69·6) 53·8 (51·2–56·4) 59·2 (56·2–62·0) 63·2 (59·8–66·5)
Eswatini 59·8 (55·3–63·5) 66·5 (61·9–70·9) 72·9 (68·0–77·8) 53·6 (49·5–56·7) 59·3 (55·4–62·8) 64·3 (59·9–68·1) 51·1 (46·9–54·9) 56·7 (52·4–61·0) 61·8 (57·1–66·5) 47·6 (43·9–50·7) 52·5 (48·8–55·9) 56·7 (52·6–60·5)
Lesotho 56·4 (53·5–59·2) 62·1 (59·0–65·3) 69·8 (65·6–73·5) 49·7 (47·3–52·1) 54·5 (51·9–57·1) 60·6 (56·6–63·7) 48·0 (44·8–51·1) 53·1 (50·0–56·4) 59·7 (55·8–63·6) 43·9 (41·5–46·4) 48·3 (45·7–51·0) 53·9 (50·5–57·2)
Namibia 67·3 (63·9–70·5) 72·5 (68·6–76·1) 77·3 (73·1–80·9) 60·3 (56·8–63·1) 65·0 (61·3–68·0) 69·3 (65·4–72·7) 57·9 (54·4–61·4) 62·2 (58·2–66·2) 66·0 (61·4–70·3) 53·6 (50·3–56·8) 57·6 (53·9–60·9) 61·0 (57·0–64·7)
South Africa 67·8 (66·9–68·8) 71·4 (70·4–72·3) 75·6 (73·9–77·0) 61·2 (60·1–62·3) 65·2 (64·0–66·4) 69·5 (67·5–71·1) 56·6 (53·4–59·4) 59·6 (56·1–62·5) 62·7 (58·8–66·1) 53·5 (51·2–55·7) 56·8 (54·3–59·1) 60·3 (57·5–63·0)
Zimbabwe 61·1 (58·1–63·9) 65·9 (62·5–69·3) 71·0 (66·9–74·4) 56·3 (52·9–59·2) 61·0 (57·5–64·3) 65·7 (61·5–69·2) 52·8 (49·7–56·0) 57·1 (53·4–60·5) 61·3 (57·3–65·3) 50·4 (47·3–53·4) 54·6 (51·3–57·7) 58·6 (54·5–62·2)
Western sub-Saharan Africa 66·5 (64·6–68·4) 69·9 (67·2–72·5) 75·3 (70·9–78·9) 63·1 (60·7–65·3) 66·7 (63·7–69·3) 72·0 (67·4–75·3) 56·6 (53·8–59·7) 59·6 (55·8–63·3) 63·5 (59·1–68·1) 55·9 (53·1–58·4) 59·0 (55·7–62·1) 63·0 (58·2–67·0)
Benin 68·2 (65·9–70·5) 71·0 (64·8–74·2) 75·4 (63·0–80·0) 63·3 (60·4–65·8) 66·0 (60·0–69·5) 70·9 (58·1–75·2) 58·1 (54·7–61·1) 60·4 (54·8–64·1) 63·4 (52·9–68·7) 56·2 (53·4–59·1) 58·4 (53·0–62·1) 61·7 (51·0–66·3)
Burkina Faso 65·0 (61·8–67·5) 68·3 (58·8–72·1) 73·8 (61·6–78·4) 60·3 (57·3–62·9) 63·9 (57·4–67·7) 69·2 (57·0–73·8) 55·9 (52·4–59·1) 58·8 (51·2–62·9) 63·0 (53·5–68·4) 53·9 (50·8–56·8) 57·0 (51·6–60·9) 61·0 (51·5–65·7)
Cabo Verde 78·3 (76·3–80·2) 80·0 (78·0–82·2) 82·2 (80·0–84·5) 69·6 (67·4–71·8) 71·6 (69·4–74·0) 74·5 (72·1–77·1) 66·8 (63·2–70·3) 68·3 (64·3–71·8) 69·2 (65·1–72·9) 62·0 (59·2–64·8) 63·7 (60·8–66·4) 65·3 (62·1–68·3)
Cameroon 67·0 (63·3–70·2) 70·4 (65·1–74·5) 74·9 (70·1–78·9) 63·0 (59·6–66·0) 66·4 (62·0–69·9) 70·4 (64·5–74·4) 57·3 (53·4–61·1) 60·2 (54·9–65·0) 63·5 (58·3–68·5) 56·0 (52·7–59·2) 58·9 (54·3–62·6) 61·8 (56·3–66·0)
Chad 62·3 (58·2–65·9) 65·8 (61·4–69·5) 73·5 (68·5–77·8) 59·2 (54·7–63·3) 62·7 (58·0–67·0) 69·7 (64·7–74·3) 53·2 (49·4–56·9) 56·3 (52·0–60·2) 62·2 (57·3–67·2) 52·4 (48·4–56·1) 55·5 (51·0–59·6) 61·0 (56·2–65·8)
Côte d'Ivoire 67·8 (64·2–70·3) 71·7 (65·6–75·1) 77·0 (67·6–81·1) 62·9 (59·7–65·7) 66·9 (61·7–70·4) 72·4 (66·4–76·4) 57·8 (54·1–61·3) 61·1 (55·6–65·1) 64·8 (57·6–69·9) 55·8 (52·5–58·7) 59·2 (54·3–63·1) 63·0 (57·1–67·5)
The Gambia 67·9 (65·2–70·4) 71·2 (68·5–74·0) 76·2 (72·8–79·3) 63·7 (61·1–66·4) 66·8 (64·0–69·5) 72·0 (68·2–75·4) 57·6 (54·2–60·9) 60·1 (56·6–63·6) 63·4 (59·2–67·4) 56·9 (54·4–59·6) 59·5 (56·6–62·3) 63·2 (59·5–66·5)
Ghana 69·3 (66·6–72·0) 71·9 (67·6–75·1) 75·4 (69·9–79·2) 64·3 (61·7–66·7) 66·7 (62·7–69·6) 69·8 (63·5–73·5) 59·5 (56·5–62·9) 61·7 (57·3–65·4) 64·0 (58·0–68·4) 57·4 (54·9–60·0) 59·5 (55·8–62·6) 61·8 (56·4–65·7)
Guinea 64·2 (60·2–67·6) 67·6 (60·3–71·9) 73·5 (65·0–78·2) 61·2 (57·4–65·1) 65·3 (58·8–69·7) 70·9 (61·5–75·7) 55·0 (50·9–58·7) 58·0 (51·3–62·5) 62·2 (54·8–67·7) 54·5 (51·0–58·1) 58·0 (52·1–62·3) 62·3 (53·1–67·4)
Guinea-Bissau 61·6 (45·0–65·5) 67·0 (64·1–69·6) 72·9 (68·9–76·0) 55·9 (40·4–60·0) 61·3 (57·9–64·0) 67·4 (63·4–70·6) 53·1 (39·9–57·1) 57·5 (54·1–60·7) 61·7 (57·5–65·6) 50·2 (37·1–54·1) 54·7 (51·5–57·4) 59·4 (55·4–62·7)
Liberia 66·1 (61·7–69·5) 69·3 (63·5–73·4) 74·0 (67·0–78·8) 64·6 (59·9–68·4) 67·7 (61·6–71·9) 72·2 (65·3–77·2) 54·9 (50·5–59·0) 57·7 (52·1–62·5) 61·4 (55·2–66·9) 56·2 (52·1–60·1) 58·9 (53·3–63·2) 62·5 (55·5–67·5)
Mali 64·1 (61·5–66·6) 67·8 (64·0–70·9) 73·8 (68·3–77·7) 62·1 (59·5–64·7) 66·3 (61·5–69·5) 72·5 (67·9–76·2) 54·6 (51·4–57·7) 57·8 (53·8–61·4) 61·9 (57·0–66·4) 54·8 (51·9–57·6) 58·4 (53·7–61·7) 63·1 (58·4–66·9)
Mauritania 70·7 (66·7–73·3) 73·6 (70·5–76·4) 76·7 (73·1–79·9) 69·6 (64·0–72·6) 72·8 (69·3–75·8) 75·5 (71·5–79·2) 60·8 (56·7–64·3) 63·3 (59·5–66·9) 65·1 (60·7–69·6) 62·1 (57·8–65·3) 64·6 (60·9–67·9) 66·1 (61·9–70·1)
Niger 65·1 (61·1–68·5) 67·7 (61·7–71·8) 71·6 (63·2–76·4) 62·9 (58·4–66·6) 65·7 (57·6–70·4) 70·1 (63·0–75·0) 55·8 (52·0–59·8) 58·2 (53·1–62·5) 61·2 (53·8–66·5) 56·1 (52·2–59·9) 58·6 (52·0–63·2) 62·0 (55·6–66·8)
Nigeria 66·9 (64·1–69·5) 70·4 (64·5–73·9) 76·2 (69·9–80·3) 64·1 (61·2–66·8) 67·8 (62·7–71·6) 73·7 (66·6–77·9) 56·6 (53·2–60·2) 59·7 (54·5–64·1) 64·0 (58·4–68·9) 56·6 (53·4–59·5) 59·9 (55·3–63·7) 64·3 (58·0–68·8)
São Tomé and Príncipe 73·7 (71·5–75·6) 75·3 (73·1–77·2) 77·7 (75·1–79·9) 70·7 (68·7–72·4) 72·4 (70·3–74·1) 75·0 (72·8–76·9) 63·3 (60·0–66·4) 64·6 (61·2–67·7) 66·0 (62·2–69·7) 63·1 (60·3–65·7) 64·6 (61·9–67·1) 66·4 (63·3–69·3)
Senegal 70·8 (67·9–73·1) 73·8 (70·8–76·3) 78·6 (75·1–81·5) 67·5 (64·7–70·0) 70·7 (67·9–73·3) 75·3 (72·0–78·4) 60·3 (56·8–63·9) 62·9 (59·1–66·6) 66·2 (62·0–70·4) 59·9 (56·7–62·9) 62·5 (59·2–65·7) 65·7 (62·1–69·4)
Sierra Leone 63·9 (60·3–67·1) 67·4 (60·5–71·8) 73·6 (63·2–78·2) 61·8 (57·3–65·5) 65·7 (60·1–69·9) 72·2 (65·6–77·2) 54·7 (51·4–58·2) 57·6 (52·4–62·0) 62·3 (54·0–67·1) 54·6 (50·9–58·3) 58·0 (52·9–62·0) 63·2 (57·0–67·7)
Togo 67·9 (64·1–71·0) 71·2 (66·6–75·0) 75·6 (68·4–80·1) 62·6 (58·6–65·9) 66·1 (61·3–70·0) 70·7 (64·5–75·4) 57·9 (53·8–61·7) 60·8 (55·8–65·4) 63·8 (57·3–69·2) 55·9 (52·2–59·4) 58·9 (54·0–62·9) 62·4 (56·2–67·0)

Estimates are listed as means (years) with 95% uncertainty intervals in parentheses. Rows with bold text indicate global and super-region results from the GBD location hierarchy. HALE=healthy life expectancy.