Table 2.
Clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of patients affected by infective endocarditis, further subdivided on the basis of the secondary endpoint.
| Whole Population (102) | Secondary Endpoint | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Features | No Death (84) | Death (18) | p | ||||
| Age | 66 | ±14 | 64.6 | ±15 | 73.3 | ±9 | <0.01 |
| Male gender | 72 | 71% | 60 | 71.4% | 12 | 66.7% | 0.7 |
| Diabetes | 14 | 13.7% | 13 | 15.5 | 1 | 5.6% | 0.3 |
| CKD | 30 | 29.4% | 22 | 26.2% | 8 | 44.4% | 0.1 |
| Embolic events | 39 | 38.2% | 30 | 35.7% | 9 | 50% | 0.3 |
| Injective drug addiction | 14 | 13.7% | 13 | 15.5% | 1 | 5.6 | 0.5 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 22 | 21.6% | 17 | 20.2% | 5 | 27.8% | 0.5 |
| IT | 7 | 6.9% | 6 | 7.1% | 1 | 5.6% | 0.9 |
| IE-aHF | 33 | 32.4% | 22 | 26.2% | 11 | 61.1% | <0.01 |
| IE on prosthesis | 51 | 50% | 39 | 46.4% | 12 | 66.7% | 0.1 |
| Days S-D | 20 | (7–50) | 21 | 7–60 | 7 | 5–20 | 0.07 |
| Laboratory data | |||||||
| WBCC admission (×103/µL) | 14 | (9–28) | 13.9 | 8.5–18 | 14 | 9–17 | 0.8 |
| CRP admission (mg/dL) | 4 | (1.5–9.7) | 3.8 | 1.4–7.6 | 8 | 3.9–16 | 0.02 |
| PCT admission (µg/L) | 0.13 | (0–0.78) | 0.1 | 0–0.5 | 0.6 | 0.0–3.6 | 0.3 |
| WBCC peak (×103/µL) | 19 | (14–62) | 19 | 15–24 | 19 | 14–25 | 0.5 |
| CRP peak (mg/dL) | 10.6 | (4.2–17.5) | 10.6 | 1.8–17 | 13.1 | 3.9–18.9 | 0.7 |
| PCT peak (µg/L) | 0.60 | (0.14–3.2) | 0.1 | 0–2 | 2 | 0–8 | 0.01 |
| Imaging Features | |||||||
| LVEF (%) | 55 | ±11 | 56 | ±9 | 48 | ±16 | <0.05 |
| Vegetation | 85 | 83.3% | 71 | 84.5% | 14 | 77.8% | 0.5 |
| Abscess | 30 | 29.4% | 21 | 25% | 9 | 50% | 0.03 |
| Fistula | 3 | 2.9% | 3 | 3.6% | 0 | 0% | 0.4 |
| Leaflet perforation | 26 | 25.5% | 24 | 28.6% | 2 | 11.1% | 0.1 |
| Pseudoaneurysm | 10 | 9.8% | 9 | 10.7% | 1 | 5.6% | 0.7 |
| Prosthetic detachment | 24 | 23.5% | 15 | 17.9% | 9 | 50% | <0.01 |
CKD: chronic kidney disease; IT: immunosuppressive treatment; IE: infective endocarditis; IE-aHF: infective endocarditis-related heart failure; S-D: symptoms to diagnosis; WBCC: white blood cell count; CRP: C-reactive protein; PCT: procalcitonin; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.