Table 3.
Antioxidant, antitumor, and hepatotoxic activities of red rice hydroethanolic extracts (mean ± SD).
| Antioxidant activity | (EC50 mg/mL) | Trolox (μg/mL) |
| TBARS | 0.51 ± 0.01 | 19.6 ± 0.1 |
| Antitumor activity | (GI50 μg/mL) | Ellipticine (μg/mL) |
| HeLa (cervical carcinoma) | 343 ± 7 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
| NCI H460 (lung carcinoma) | 205 ± 11 | 1.03 ± 0.09 |
| MCF7 (breast carcinoma) | 322 ± 11 | 1.21 ± 0.02 |
| HepG2 (liver carcinoma) | 291 ± 10 | 1.10 ± 0.09 |
| Hepatotoxicity | (GI50 µg/mL) | Ellipticine (μg/mL) |
| PLP2 | >400 | 2.3 ± 0.2 |
The antioxidant activity was expressed in EC50 values, which means that high values correspond to low antioxidant potential. EC50 corresponds to the concentration of extract necessary to obtain 50% of antioxidant activity. Cytotoxicity results were expressed as GI50 values, corresponding to the sample concentration required to perform 50% growth inhibition under human tumor cells.