Figure 5.

Biochemical changes in the blood of unexposed and GV-exposed rats supplemented with vitamin D₃, turmeric powder, or their combination. Peripheral blood samples from five rats of the indicated groups collected on days 30 (A,D,G,J,M,P), 60 (B,E,H,K,N,Q), and 90 (C,F,I,L,O,R) were analyzed. Data are mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparisons test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001 significant differences between the indicated groups; ♦, p < 0.05; ♦♦, p < 0.01; ♦♦♦, p < 0.001 vs. GV + D₃ group; ns, not significant.