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. 2024 May 10;16(10):1361. doi: 10.3390/polym16101361

Table 2.

Comparison of implant placement condition and implant removal torque values according to rpm groups.

30 rpm (n = 160) 50 rpm (n = 160) a p
Total Bone level 66 (41.3) 116 (72.5) a 0.001 *
Not fully inserted 94 (58.8) 44 (27.5)
25 torque Bone level - - -
Not fully inserted 20 (100) 20 (100)
30 torque Bone level - - -
Not fully inserted 20 (100) 20 (100)
35 torque Bone level 0 (0) 16 (80.0) a 0.001 *
Not fully inserted 20 (100) 4 (20.0)
40 torque Bone level 2 (10) 20 (100) a 0.001 *
Not fully inserted 18 (90) 0 (0)
45 torque Bone level 4 (20) 20 (100) a 0.001 *
Not fully inserted 16 (80) 0 (0)
50 torque Bone level 20 (100) 20 (100) -
Not fully inserted - -
55 torque Bone level 20 (100) 20 (100) -
Not fully inserted - -
60 torque Bone level 20 (100) 20 (100) -
Not fully inserted - -
Implant removal torque Mean ± Sd 75.31 ± 21.49 86.31 ± 14.75 b 0.001 *
(Min-Max) (40–100) (50–100)

a Pearson chi-square test. b Student’s t-test. * p < 0.01.