Table 4. Summary of results: clinical manifestations, treatment efficacies, and obstetric outcomes in AOSD diagnosed during pregnancy—a case series analysis.

Total cases analyzed	22
Age range of patients	19–38 y
Median age	28 y
AOSD onset during pregnancy	First trimester: 31.82%, second trimester: 59.09%, unspecified: 9.09%
Clinical presentation	Fever, arthritis or arthralgia, rash, polyarthralgia or polyarthritis, leukocytosis, splenomegaly
Disease course	Polycyclic: 63.16%, monocyclic: 36.84%
Principal treatment	Corticosteroids (prednisone 0.5–1 mg/kg body weight) in 81.82% of cases
Additional treatments	IVIG: 13.64%, others (NSAIDs, LCAP, tacrolimus, colchicine, azathioprine, gold, HCQ, plasma exchange, cyclosporine): 4.55%
Adverse obstetric outcomes	72.73% experienced adverse outcomes
Most frequent obstetric complication	Preterm birth: 50%
Mode of delivery	Vaginal delivery and cesarean section: 50% each
Less frequent complications	IUGR and PPROM: 9.09% each, medication-related acute agranulocytosis leading to sepsis: 9.09%, HLH: 9.09%, neonatal death: 4.55%
Postpartum outcomes	No flare-up: 31.82%, flare-up or worsening condition: 36.36%, unspecified outcomes: 31.82%

Abbreviations: AOSD, adult-onset Still's disease; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; HLH, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; LCAP, eukocytapheresis; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes.