Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics
| PIH group | Non-PIH group | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 93 | 68 | N.A. |
| Male, n | 35 (37.6%) | 20 (29.4%) | 0.315 |
| Age, years | 84.0 (80.0, 86.0) | 84.0 (81.0, 86.0) | 0.611 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.7 (21.1, 25.9) | 23.7 (20.4, 26.0) | 0.242 |
| ASA-PS | |||
| 3, n | 91 (97.8%) | 64 (94.1%) | |
| 4, n | 2 (2.2%) | 4 (5.9%) | |
| NYHA ≥3, n | 22 (23.7%) | 11 (16.2%) | 0.323 |
| STS risk score, % | 12.8 (9.6, 21.3) | 13.2 (9.9, 21.8) | 0.770 |
| Medical history | |||
| Hypertension, n | 78 (83.9%) | 54 (79.4%) | 0.535 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n | 17 (18.3%) | 18 (26.5%) | 0.248 |
| Af, n | 28 (30.1%) | 19 (27.9%) | 0.861 |
| Stroke, n | 11 (11.8%) | 15 (22.1%) | 0.088 |
| CAD, n | 31 (33.3%) | 20 (29.4%) | 0.612 |
| Antihypertensive agents | |||
| ACE inhibitor, n | 13 (14.0%) | 11 (16.2%) | 0.823 |
| AT1 blocker, n | 38 (40.9%) | 26 (38.2%) | 0.748 |
| Alpha blocker, n | 2 (2.2 %) | 2 (2.9%) | 1.000 |
| Alpha-beta blocker, n | 10 (10.8%) | 8 (11.8%) | 1.000 |
| Beta blocker, n | 14 (15.1%) | 13 (19.1%) | 0.527 |
| Calcium antagonist, n | 39 (41.9%) | 34 (50.0%) | 0.339 |
| ARNI, n | 4 (4.3%) | 2 (2.9%) | 1.000 |
| Cardiac echocardiogram | |||
| LVEF, % | 65.0 (56.0, 69.0) | 63.0 (55.5, 69.3) | 0.792 |
| mPG, mmHg | 53.0 (39.0, 65.0) | 51.0 (42.8, 63.5) | 0.828 |
| AVAi, cm2/m2 | 0.43 (0.36, 0.54) | 0.46 (0.36, 0.51) | 0.524 |
| Vmax, m/s | 4.8 (4.1, 5.2) | 4.6 (4.2, 5.1) | 0.616 |
| Moderate or severe AR, n | 63 (67.7%) | 38 (55.9%) | 0.140 |
| Moderate or severe MR, n | 52 (55.9%) | 43 (63.2%) | 0.418 |
Differences between the PIH and non-PIH groups were estimated using Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Mann–Whitney test for continuous variables. Data are shown as number (percentage of each group) or median (25th–75th percentile)
BMI body mass index, ASA-PS American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status, NYHA, New York Heart Association functional class, STS Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Af atrial fibrillation, CAD coronary artery disease, ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme, AT1 angiotensin II type 1 receptor, ARNI angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, LVEF left ventricle ejection fraction, mPG mean pressure gradient, AVAi aortic valve area index, Vmax maximal velocity, AR aortic valve regurgitation, MR mitral valve regurgitation