Table 3.
Clinical outcomes of ceftaroline fosamil treatment
| Outcome measure | All patients (n = 185) | Patients with severe CAP (n = 128) | Patients admitted to the ICU (n = 75) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment response, n (%) | |||
| Clinical responsea | 151 (81.6) | 104 (81.3) | 57 (76.0) |
| Clinical failure | 34 (18.4) | 24 (18.8) | 18 (24.0) |
| Reason for failure | |||
| Insufficient response | 21 (61.8) | 16 (66.7) | 10 (55.6) |
| Death due to index infection | 7 (20.6) | 6 (25.0) | 4 (22.2) |
| Death due to other | 2 (5.9) | 1 (4.2) | 1 (5.6) |
| Relapse or recurrence | 2 (5.9) | 0 | 1 (5.6) |
| Unknown | 2 (5.9) | 1 (4.2) | 2 (11.1) |
| Time to clinical response, days, mean (SD)b | 5.0 (3.5) | 5.7 (3.7) | 5.7 (3.9) |
| Early clinical response, n (%) | |||
| >4 days | 62/151 (33.5) | 54/104 (51.9) | 25/57 (43.9) |
| ≤4 days | 79/151 (42.7) | 46/104 (44.2) | 28/57 (49.1) |
| Unknown | 10/151 (5.4) | 4/104 (3.8) | 4/57 (7.0) |
| Clinical cure achieved, n (%)c,d | |||
| Yes | 115 (62.2) | 78 (60.9) | 44 (48.7) |
| No | 35 (18.9) | 25 (19.5) | 13 (17.3) |
| Time to clinical cure, days, mean (SD)e | 7.8 (4.3) | 8.1 (4.2) | 7.2 (3.3) |
| Time to clinical stability, days, mean (SD) | 3.8 (2.9) | 4.4 (3.0) | 4.5 (3.1) |
| Time to clinical improvement, days, mean (SD) | 4.5 (3.3) | 5.1 (3.5) | 5.0 (3.7) |
| Discharge status, n (%) | |||
| Died in hospital | 18 (9.7) | 13 (10.2) | 10 (13.3) |
| Discharged to a nursing home or extended-care facility | 28 (15.1) | 21 (16.4) | 15 (20.0) |
| Discharged to independent living (with or without support) | 138 (74.6) | 93 (72.7) | 50 (66.7) |
| Other | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) |
| Re-hospitalized within 30 days of initial discharge, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 20 (10.8) | 12 (9.4) | 11 (14.7) |
| No | 129 (69.7) | 89 (69.5) | 46 (61.3) |
| Unknown | 36 (19.5) | 27 (21.1) | 18 (24.0) |
| Number of re-hospitalizations for those re-hospitalized, median (range) | 1 (1–3) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) |
| Vital status at end of follow-up, n (%)f | |||
| Patient still alive | 126 (68.1) | 86 (67.2) | 57 (76.0) |
| Patient deceased | 13 (7.0) | 6 (4.7) | 12 (16.0) |
| If deceased, duration from discharge, days, mean (SD) | 269 (300.6) | 311 (397.5) | 473 (603.9) |
aDefined as demonstrating clinical stability (defined according to the IDSA guidelines20 as temperature of ≤37.8°C, heart rate of ≤100 beats/min, respiratory rate of ≤24 breaths/min, systolic blood pressure of ≥90 mmHg, oxygen saturation of ≥90%, and confusion/disorientation recorded as absent) and clinical improvement [defined as improvement of at least one of four symptoms present at baseline (i.e. cough, dyspnoea, pleuritic chest pain or sputum production) with worsening of none].
bAll patients, n = 141 (data not available for 10 patients); patients with severe CAP, n = 100 (data not available for four patients); patients admitted to the ICU, n = 53 (data not available for four patients).
cAll patients, n = 150 (data not available for 35 patients); patients with severe CAP, n = 103 (data not available for 25 patients); patients admitted to the ICU, n = 57 (data not available for 18 patients).
dDefined as no further IV antibiotic, switch to an oral antibiotic, or IV antibiotic treatment streamlining/de-escalation at any time after the index dose, prior to hospital discharge.
eAll patients, n = 108 (data not available for seven patients); patients with severe CAP, n = 74 (data not available for four patients); patients admitted to the ICU, n = 40 (data not available for four patients).
fAll patients, n = 139 (data not available for 46 patients); ICU patients, n = 69 (data not available for six patients).