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. 2024 May 27;24:649. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12406-3

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — The spatial distributions of macrophages in pre-treatment tissues were related to the postoperative pathological grade. (A) The numbers of CD8+, CD86+, and CD163 + cells within the indicated distance to the CK + tumor cells were counted and presented by histogram. (B) Representative images showed the spatial distribution of CD86 + M1 macrophages within 40 μm to tumor cells in pre-treatment pCR and pN1 tissues. (C) Comparison of the quantity of infiltrating CD86 + M1 macrophages within a 40 μm proximity to tumor cells in pre-treatment pCR, pN0, and pN1 ESCC tissues. (D) Representative images showed the spatial distribution of CD163 + M2 macrophages within 40 μm to tumor cells in pre-treatment pCR and pN1 tissues. (E) Comparison of the quantity of infiltrating CD163 + M2 macrophages within a 40 μm proximity to tumor cells in pre-treatment pCR, pN0, and pN1 ESCC tissues. (pCR, n = 20; pN0, n = 10; pN1, n = 5. Statistical significance was determined using a T-test.)