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. 2024 Jan 17;124(6):1733–1745. doi: 10.1007/s00421-023-05397-9

Table 1.

Mean and standard deviation of the spatiotemporal variables and scales during running in four conditions: free and Nordic running in regular terrain (FR and NR), and free and Nordic running in irregular terrain (FI and NI)

Variable FR NR FI NI Mode Terrain Mode*Terrain
Speed (m/s) 3.37 (0.40) 3.32 (0.27) 3.40 (0.35) 3.51 (0.49) 0.66 0.33 0.22
Stride length (m) 2.47 (0.25) 2.54 (0.18) 2.54 (0.29) 2.66 (0.36) 0.11 0.24 0.60
Stride time (s) 0.74 (0.04) 0.77 (0.04) 0.75 (0.04) 0.77 (0.05)  < 0.001 0.45 0.09
Contact phase (%) 32.4 (2.4) 32.4 (3.2) 32.0 (3.1) 31.6 (2.9) 0.68 0.14 0.52
Aerial phase (%) 67.6 (2.4) 67.6 (3.2) 68.0 (3.1) 68.4 (2.9) 0.69 0.14 0.54
RPE (0–10) 1.4 (0.1) 1.7 (0.9) 1.8 (0.8) 2.0 (0.8) 0.02 0.07 0.28
Feeling (− 5 to + 5)  + 4.0 (1.3)  + 3.8 (1.3)  + 3.1 (0.4)  + 3.0 (0.6) 0.34 0.01 0.90

The p values are presented for the comparisons between conditions for the factor mode of running (free and Nordic running), terrain (regular and irregular), and their interaction (mode*terrain). The statistically significant values of p are bolded. The significance level used was α = 0.05. RPE rating of perceived exertion