Table 2.

Mean and 95% CI of peak EMG activity expressed as a percentage of maximum voluntary isometric contraction for the gluteus maximus and medius exercises with p-values and Cohen’s d effect sizes of the pairwise comparisons

Muscle	Exercise	Mean [%MVIC]	95% CI [%MVIC]	Pairwise comparisons
				HT (3-RM)	RKS	HKGS	SS (3-RM)
GMAX	HT (3-RM)	143	133–154		p = 0.118; d = 0.62	p = 0.135; d = 0.59	p < 0.001*; d = 1.40
	RKS	128	119–138	p = 0.118; d = 0.62		p = 1.000; d = 0.12	p = 0.011*; d = 0.96
	HKGS	125	109–140	p = 0.135; d = 0.59	p = 1.000; d = 0.12		p = 0.064; d = 0.68
	SS (3-RM)	100	86–115	p < 0.001*; d = 1.40	p = 0.011*; d = 0.96	p = 0.064; d = 0.68
GMED				RPHA	SP	IC	RSS
	RPHA	149	131–167		p = 0.002*; d = 0.78	p = 0.001*; d = 1.01	p < 0.001*; d = 1.41
	SP	118	104–133	p = 0.002*; d = 0.78		p = 1.000; d = 0.28	p = 0.040*; d = 0.71
	IC	108	92 - 124	p = 0.001*; d = 1.01	p = 1.000; d = 0.28		p = 0.338; d = 0.41
	RSS	93	77–109	p < 0.001*; d = 1.41	p = 0.040*; d = 0.71	p = 0.338; d = 0.41

Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between exercises are emphasized *

The 95% CIs for Cohen’s d effect sizes are provided in the supplementary data (A.3.2)

GMAX Gluteus maximus, GMED gluteus medius MVIC maximum voluntary isometric contraction, CI confidence interval, HT hip thrust, RKS resisted knee split, HKGS half-kneeling glute squeeze, SS split squat, RPHA resisted prone hip abduction, SP side-plank, IC isometric clam, RSS resisted side-stepping