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. 2024 May 27;14:12081. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-63095-8

Table 3.

Clinical classification performance of machine learning model.

Group ML model results (n, %) Pathological results (n, %) Recognition rate (%) P value
F0-1 F2 F3 F4
Training cohort (N = 618) F0-1 302(48.87) 346(56) 87.28 0.581
F2 116(18.77) 162(26.2) 71.60
F3 45(7.28) 54(8.7) 83.33
F4 49(7.93) 56(9.1) 87.5
Validation cohort (N = 571) F0-1 251(43.96) 319(55.8) 78.68 0.819
F2 126(22.07) 151(26.4) 83.44
F3 46(8.06) 49(8.6) 93.87
F4 47(8.23) 52(9.1) 90.38
Study cohort (N = 1189) F0-1 553(46.51) 665(55.9) 83.15 0.776
F2 242(20.35) 313(26.3) 77.32
F3 91(7.65) 103(8.7) 88.34
F4 96(8.07) 108(9.1) 88.89

ML machine learning.