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. 2024 May 27;14:33. doi: 10.1038/s41387-024-00294-2

Table 2.

Multinomial logistic regression analysis of the delta values (January 2020 vs end of the study assessments) of the parameters significantly associated with HCC overall and HCC staged Milan-out criteria at diagnosis occurrence during the lockdown.

Outcome: HCC overall occurrence during the lockdown
Variable Odds ratio Confidence Interval (95%) p-value
Δ FFM (%) 0.576 0.442-0.75 <0.0001
Δ FFM (kg) 0.782 0.693-0.882 <0.0001
Δ SMMI 0.570 0.351-0.926 0.02
Δ BCM (Kg) 0.457 0.326-0.639 <0.0001
Δ BCM (%) 0.564 0.437-0.729 <0.0001
Δ FM (Kg) 1.512 1.237-1.848 <0.0001
Δ FM (%) 1.737 1.334-2.262 <0.0001
Δ LSM (kPa) 0.398 0.248-0.638 0.0001
Outcome: HCC staged Milan-out criteria at diagnosis during the lockdown
Δ FFM (%) 0.614 0.458-0.822 0.001
Δ FFM (kg) 0.796 0.578-0.862 0.001
Δ SMMI 0.456 0.225-0.923 0.02
Δ BCM (Kg) 0.207 0.066-0.645 0.007
Δ BCM (%) 0.483 0.326-0.713 0.0002
Δ FM (Kg) 1.417 1.127-1.781 0.003
Δ FM (%) 1.63 1.217-2.183 0.001
Δ LSM (kPa) 0.296 0.139-0.63 0.002

The odds ratios (OR) of the study variables on the just mentioned events were calculated considering the confounding variables (age, sex, BMI, T2DM, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and LSM).

Δ= variation January 2020 vs end of the study assessments, BCM Body cellular mass, FFM Free fat mass, FM Fat mass, LSM Liver stiffness measurement, kPa Kilopascal, Kg kilograms, SMM Skeletal muscle mass, SMMI Skeletal muscle mass index.