Table 1.
Chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from Eryngium floribundum (EF), Eryngium eriophorum (EE), Eryngium nudicaule (EN), Eryngium horridum (EH), and Eryngium pandanifolium (EP).
| Compound | RIa | EF% | EE% | EN% | EH% | EP% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| α-Pinene | 927 | – | t | – | – | – |
| β-Pinene | 970 | – | t | – | – | – |
| Limonene | 1024 | – | t | – | – | – |
| cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate | 1255 | 6.0 | – | – | – | – |
| Bornyl acetate | 1278 | – | – | – | – | t |
| n-Tridecane | 1294 | – | – | – | t | – |
| α-Terpinyl acetate | 1341 | – | – | – | t | – |
| 2,3,6-Trimethyl benzaldehyde | 1351 | 15.7 | – | – | – | – |
| α-Copaene | 1364 | – | t | t | – | t |
| β-Bourbonene | 1373 | 0.8 | – | – | – | – |
| β-Elemene | 1381 | 3.3 | 5.4 | 0.9 | – | 4.0 |
| n-Tetradecane | 1390 | – | – | – | t | – |
| 2-epi-β-Funebrene | 1399 | – | – | 0.1 | – | 1.4 |
| β-Funebrene | 1400 | 2.9 | – | – | – | |
| (E)-Caryophyllene | 1406 | 4.9 | 7.1 | 10.8 | – | 5.2 |
| β-Copaene | 1415 | 0.1 | – | – | – | t |
| α-Cedrene | 1416 | – | – | – | t | – |
| cis-Thujopsene | 1417 | – | 1.2 | – | – | – |
| α-trans–Bergamotene | 1424 | – | – | t | – | – |
| Aromadendrene | 1424 | 0.2 | – | – | 9.1 | – |
| (Z)-β-Farnesene | 1432 | – | – | t | – | – |
| α-Humulene | 1439 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 4.7 | – | 0.3 |
| allo-Aromadendrene | 1446 | – | – | – | 1.6 | – |
| (E)-β-Farnesene | 1447 | t | – | 1.6 | – | – |
| Dauca-5,8–diene | 1457 | – | – | t | – | – |
| β-Acoradiene | 1460 | t | – | – | – | – |
| γ-Decalactone | 1460 | – | – | – | 7.4 | – |
| 10-epi-β-Acoradiene | 1462 | – | – | 5.6 | – | – |
| γ-Muurolene | 1465 | t | – | 1.8 | – | – |
| Germacrene D | 1469 | 0.6 | 35.1 | 5.4 | – | 28.9 |
| β-Selinene | 1473 | – | 1.8 | – | – | 3.3 |
| Viridiflorene | 1481 | t | – | – | – | – |
| Bicyclogermacrene | 1486 | – | 10.4 | 17.2 | – | 12.8 |
| α-Muurolene | 1487 | – | – | – | – | t |
| trans-β-Guaiene | 1489 | – | – | 5.0 | – | – |
| Cuparene | 1490 | t | – | – | – | – |
| Pentadecane | 1490 | – | – | – | 53.5 | – |
| Germacrene A | 1492 | – | 3.8 | 1.0 | – | 2.2 |
| β-Bisabolene | 1496 | 0.2 | 2.9 | 7.5 | – | – |
| (Z)-γ-Bisabolene | 1503 | – | – | 1.4 | – | – |
| γ-Amorphene | 1509 | – | 1.3 | – | – | – |
| δ-Cadinene | 1511 | – | – | 1.3 | – | 3.0 |
| Dauca-4(11),8-diene | 1514 | – | t | – | – | – |
| Silphiperfol-5-en-3-one B | 1535 | – | 0.8 | – | – | – |
| epi-Longipinanol | 1538 | t | – | – | – | – |
| Germacrene B | 1543 | – | t | – | – | 4.4 |
| (E)-Nerolidol | 1554 | – | t | 0.1 | – | t |
| Longipinanol | 1567 | – | – | 4.6 | – | – |
| Spathulenol | 1568 | 36.0 | 6.2 | – | 0.4 | 6.4 |
| Caryophyllene oxide | 1570 | – | 3.3 | – | – | 4.3 |
| Globulol | 1576 | 7.0 | 1.4 | – | 18.6 | 1.8 |
| Salvial-4(14)-en-1-one | 1581 | – | 1.5 | – | – | 2.0 |
| Viridiflorol | 1582 | 5.0 | – | 0.3 | 4.6 | – |
| Cedrol | 1590 | – | – | 1.2 | – | – |
| Rosifoliol | 1592 | 2.7 | – | – | t | – |
| Guaiol | 1595 | – | – | t | – | – |
| Khusimone | 1596 | t | – | – | – | – |
| Humulene epoxide II | 1597 | – | – | t | – | – |
| Junenol | 1605 | – | – | – | – | t |
| cis-Cadin-4-en-7-ol | 1621 | – | – | – | – | t |
| allo-Aromadendrene epoxide | 1625 | – | t | – | – | t |
| 3-iso-Thujopsanone | 1637 | – | 1.2 | – | – | – |
| Cubenol | 1637 | – | – | – | – | t |
| α-Muurolol | 1638 | – | – | t | – | t |
| α-Cadinol | 1645 | 4.9 | 4.9 | – | – | 11.1 |
| γ-Dodecalactone | 1668 | 1.8 | – | – | – | – |
| Khusinol | 1670 | – | – | – | – | t |
| α-Bisabolol | 1675 | 0.1 | 2.9 | – | – | 1.0 |
| Germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol | 1677 | t | – | – | – | – |
| Eudesma-4(15),7-dien-1-β-ol | 1678 | – | t | 0.9 | – | – |
| (E)-Nerolidol acetate | 1692 | – | – | t | – | – |
| Mint sulfit | 1723 | – | – | 1.4 | – | – |
| Isobicyclogermacrenal | 1724 | t | 0.2 | 1.8 | – | – |
| Cyclocolorenone | 1730 | – | – | 14.7 | – | – |
| α-Sinesal | 1743 | – | – | 1.4 | – | – |
| Hexadecanal | 1803 | – | – | – | t | – |
| Total | 92.5 | 94.1 | 90.7 | 95.2 | 92.1 |
aRelative retention index experimentally determined against n-alkanes on Durabond-DB5 column; t = trace.