Table 2.

Flow parameters in the pulmonary artery trunk.

Parameter	Normal (n = 78)	Borderline PH (n = 12)	PH (n = 7)	p-value
Flow rate (ml/min)	3455.8 ± 1284.2	2730.1 ± 727.1	3572.3 ± 866.0	0.134
Forward (L/min)	3.77 ± 1.34	3.04 ± 0.88	3.80 ± 0.90	0.151
Backward (L/min)	−0.31 ± 0.31	−0.31 ± 0.30	−0.20 ± 0.10	0.976
Output (ml)	40.1 ± 19.2	43.9 ± 14.8	39.9 ± 18.0	0.575
Regurgitation (ml)	0.87 ± 1.53	0.69 ± 1.15	0.29 ± 0.70	0.108
Regurgitation (%)	2.27 ± 3.55	1.99 ± 3.96	0.97 ± 2.31	0.121
WSS (Pa)	0.15 ± 0.08	0.11 ± 0.05	0.10 ± 0.03	0.035*
Area (cm2)	0.53 ± 0.15	0.59 ± 0.29	0.68 ± 0.16	0.063
Kinetic energy (mW)	5.06 ± 3.74	2.54 ± 1.50	1.59 ± 0.88	0.001*
Ave through velocity (m/s)	0.12 ± 0.06	0.09 ± 0.03	0.09 ± 0.02	0.039*

Data expressed as n or mean ± standard deviation (range). PH, pulmonary hypertension; WSS, wall shear stress; Ave, average.