Table 3.
The association of oral frailty and physical frailty with global cognitive function among older adults
| Independent variables | Overall participants | Female group | Male group | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude model | Adjusted model | Crude model | Adjusted model | Crude model | Adjusted model | |||||||||||||
| B (95% CI)a | p-value | B (95% CI)a | p-value | B (95% CI)a | p-value | B (95% CI)a | p-value | B (95% CI)a | p-value | B (95% CI)a | p-value | |||||||
| Overall participants | ||||||||||||||||||
| Age by group | -0.39 (-1.12, 0.34) | 0.297 | 0.11 (-0.96, 1.18) | 0.835 | -0.77 (-1.79, 0.25) | 0.138 | ||||||||||||
| Education level | 2 (1.52, 2.48) | < 0.001 | 2.26 (1.57, 2.94) | < 0.001 | 1.85 (1.15, 2.55) | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Average monthly income | 0.23 (-0.35, 0.81) | 0.434 | 0.54 (-0.33, 1.41) | 0.223 | -0.03 (-0.83, 0.78) | 0.948 | ||||||||||||
| Oral frailty (yes) | -1.06 (-2.23, 0.11) | 0.074 | -0.76 (-1.78, 0.26) | 0.142 | -1.49 (-3.13, 0.16) | 0.077 | -0.64 (-2.1, 0.83) | 0.393 | -0.75 (-2.34, 0.84) | 0.350 | -0.64 (-2.09, 0.81) | 0.382 | ||||||
| Physical frailty (yes) | -1.29 (-2.37, -0.2) | 0.021 | -0.68 (-2.3, 0.94) | 0.411 | -1.83 (-3.33, -0.33) | 0.017 | ||||||||||||
| Sex (female) | 1.42 (0.56, 2.27) | 0.001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Non-Physical frailty group | ||||||||||||||||||
| Age by group | -0.73 (-1.53, 0.08) | 0.076 | -0.09 (-1.28, 1.09) | 0.876 | -1.34 (-2.44, -0.25) | 0.017 | ||||||||||||
| Education level | 1.91 (1.39, 2.44) | < 0.001 | 2.19 (1.39, 2.99) | < 0.001 | 1.71 (1, 2.42) | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Average monthly income | 0.23 (-0.4, 0.86) | 0.475 | 0.43 (-0.56, 1.43) | 0.388 | 0.1 (-0.7, 0.9) | 0.805 | ||||||||||||
| Oral frailty (yes) | -0.82 (-2.1, 0.45) | 0.204 | -0.34 (-1.45, 0.77) | 0.546 | -1.2 (-2.98, 0.58) | 0.185 | -0.16 (-1.78, 1.46) | 0.843 | -0.4 (-2.11, 1.31) | 0.644 | -0.27 (-1.83, 1.28) | 0.727 | ||||||
| Sex (female) | 1.72 (0.79, 2.64) | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Physical frailty group | ||||||||||||||||||
| Age by group | 1.16 (-0.69, 3.02) | 0.214 | 1.48 (-1.06, 4.02) | 0.237 | 1.27 (-1.5, 4.04) | 0.354 | ||||||||||||
| Education level | 2.46 (1.15, 3.77) | < 0.001 | 2.75 (1.46, 4.03) | < 0.001 | 2.99 (0, 5.99) | 0.050 | ||||||||||||
| Average monthly income | -0.18 (-1.82, 1.47) | 0.829 | 0.7 (-0.99, 2.39) | 0.395 | -1.72 (-5.38, 1.95) | 0.343 | ||||||||||||
| Oral frailty (yes) | -2.01 (-4.87, 0.86) | 0.166 | -2.67 (-5.27, -0.07) | 0.045 | -3.75 (-8.25, 0.75) | 0.098 | -4 (-7.41, -0.58) | 0.024 | -1.36 (-5.32, 2.59) | 0.485 | -1.83 (-5.73, 2.07) | 0.343 | ||||||
| Sex (female) | -0.1 (-2.43, 2.23) | 0.934 | ||||||||||||||||
Notes: In all models, the dependent variable was global cognitive function. The associations between constants and dependent variables of all linear regression analyses were significant which were not shown in the table. B (95% CI)a: Unstandardized regression coefficient B and 95% confidence interval of coefficient B
The adjustment variables were “Age by group”, “Education level”, “Average monthly income”, “Physical frailty” (“Physical frailty” did not serve as an adjustment variable in the non-physical or physical frailty group.), and “Sex” (“Sex” did not serve as an adjustment variable in female or male group)