Table 1.
Clinical and radiological characteristics of patients and healthy controls.
| pwCIS (n = 73) | HCs (n = 28) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (SD) | 31.7 (6.8) | 36.3 (9.1) | 0.021 |
| Sex, number of females | 44 | 15 | 0.552 |
| Achieva/ingenia | 48/25 | 16/12 | 0.440 |
| Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (%) | 30 (41%) | – | – |
| EDSS, median (range) | 1 (0-3.5) | – | – |
| T25FW in seconds, mean (SD) | 4.68 (0.70) | – | – |
| T25FW z-score, mean (SD) | 0.43 (0.06) | – | – |
| 9HPT in seconds, mean (SD) | 21.10 (2.58) | – | – |
| 9HPT z-score, mean (SD) | 0.42 (0.53) | – | – |
| PASAT score, mean (SD) | 43.82 (13.11) | – | – |
| PASAT z-score, mean (SD) | -0.16 (1.13) | – | – |
| Number of patients whose MRI showed white-matter lesions | 65 | – | – |
| Lesion number, mean (range) | 26.11 (0-121) | – | – |
| Lesion load, fraction of total intracranial volume (range) | 0.0036 (0-0.0307) | – | – |
| Brain parenchymal fraction (SD) | 0.763 (0.008) | 0.763 (0.010) | 0.9 |
| White-matter fraction (SD) | 0.308 (0.009) | 0.313 (0.010) | 0.033 |
| Grey-matter fraction (SD) | 0.454 (0.009) | 0.450 (0.006) | 0.009 |
pwCIS: people with CIS; HC: healthy control; SD: standard deviation; EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale; T25FW: timed 25-foot walk; 9HPT: 9-hole peg test; PASAT: Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test. Significant between-group differences are marked in bold.