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. 2024 May 27;16(5):688–702. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.688

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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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The connection between oral microbiota and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Oral microbiota plays a significant role in advancing liver fat deposition, inflammatory responses, and fibrosis, thus expediting the progression from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This effect is mediated through four principal mechanisms: Translocation of oral microbes, inflammatory responses, virulence factors of oral microbes, and disruptions in lipid metabolism. OMV: Outer membrane vesicles; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; INF-α: Interferon alpha; IL: Interleukin; VLDL: Very-low-density lipoprotein; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.