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. 2024 May 26;12(15):2506–2521. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i15.2506

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Equation of performance evaluation metrics. ŷi and yi respectively represent predicted and actual values; n is the number of instances. SMAPE: Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error; MAPE: Mean Absolute Percentage Error; RAE: Relative Absolute Error; RRSE: Root Relative Squared Error; RMSE: Root Mean Squared Error.