Inhibition of MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 ameliorates interstitial fibrosis and improves renal function in post-ischemic mice. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to the treatments as described in Figure 9. (A) Sirius red/Fast Green staining. Scale bar: 100 µm. (B) quantification of collagen-stained areas. (C) RT-qPCR of Fn1, Col1a1, Col4a1 and Acta2/α-sma mRNA. (D) immunofluorescence of FN1, COL1A1, COL4A1 and ACTA2/α-SMA. Scale bar: 100 µm. (E) 2 weeks after unilateral ischemia-reperfusion, right kidneys were removed, and blood samples were collected 24 h after right nephrectomy for measurements of BUN and serum creatinine. Data in (B), (C) and (E) are presented as mean ± SEM. For statistics, 2-tailed, unpaired Student t-test was used for (B). One-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons was used for (C) and (E).