Table 2.
Repurposed drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and their activities
| No | Drug/compound/antibody | Targets of drug on SARS-CoV-2 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chloroquine and formoterol |
Target Papain-like protease (PLpro) Interferes with viral replication Chloroquine targets the terminal glycosylation of ACE-2 Interferes with the spike protein and ACE-2 |
| 2 | Remdesivir (nucleotide analog) |
Target RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) Interferes with the nascent viral RNA |
| 3 | Bananin (adamantane derivative) |
Targets helicase (NSP13) Interferes with viral replication |
| 4 | Pyridone-containing α-ketoamides |
Targets chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) Interferes with viral replication |
| 5 | β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine (ribonucleoside analog) | Inhibits viral replication |
| 6 | Ebselen | Reduces COVID-19 by 20.3 fold |
| 7 | Ivermectin |
Targets nuclear transporter and Impα/β1 heterodimer, binds and destabilizes it. This prevents its binding with viral cargo protein and its translocation to nucleus Interferes with the suppression of antiviral responses and viral load (reduce by 5000 fold) |
| 8 | Zidovudine |
Targets nucleocapsid phosphoprotein Binds with nucleocapsid phosphoprotein and provides antiviral effect |
| 9 | Camostat mesylate and bromhexine hydrochloride |
Targets TMPRRS-2. Acts as a TMPRSS-2 inhibitor Interferes with viral entry |
| 10 | CR3022 (monoclonal antibody) |
Targets RBD of spike protein Interferes with the cellular interaction of virus |