Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree of 469 Rop sequences in 443 plasmids.

Rings of the phylogenetic tree show (from inner to the outer ring): the presence of ARGs, host genus, and PTU. The majority of plasmids reside in Klebsiella isolates. The Rop phylogeny constitutes two main Rop clades that correspond to non-mobilizable ColRNAI (PTU-E4) plasmids and mobilizable Col440I (PTU-E71) plasmids. A subclade of ColRNAI plasmids harboring ARGs is marked in purple, in that clade, small plasmids carrying Tn1331Δ:IS26 are marked by a white square within the ARG ring. Note that while the isolates in our data are not identical, the plasmid variants presented here may correspond to the same plasmid origin, hence the frequency of specific plasmid types reflects the number of isolates where they have been observed. Branches with bootstrap support ≤70 are colored in orange. The tree scale bar is in amino acid substitutions per site. Plasmids lacking a PTU assignment could not be classified using COPLA²⁷. Source data are provided in supplementary file.