Fig. 4.

Fecal microbiota transplantation from gut microbiota after HBOT alleviates colitis in mice. (A) The experimental design showing an FMT from human donors to mice. (B) Body weights shown as percentage of starting weight (n = 5 per group) and colon length (E). (C) Representative images of distal colon stained with H&E and histological score was calculated (D). (F) Time-course changes in the relative abundance of Escherichia, Bifidobacterium, and Lachnospiracea incertae sedis. (G) Quantification of serum levels of CRP. (H) Expression levels of genes involved in tight junction protein and inflammation. Data points represent individual mice. All data are represented as means ± SEM. p values were calculated by Student’s t test. For (B), (F) Student’s t test was performed independently at each time point; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and∗∗∗p < 0.001. FMT, Fecal microbiota transplantation; H&E, Hematoxylin and eosin staining; CRP, C-reactive protein