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. 2024 May 29;24:656. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12384-6

Table 1.

Univariate Cox analysis of predictors for locoregional control (LRC), and overall survival (OS).

Variable LRC OS
p HR [95%CI] p HR [95%CI]
Age
 ≤65 ref ref
 > 65 0.105 1.95 [0.87–4.38] 0.035 2.75 [1.07–7.02]
Sex (Male/female)
 Female ref ref
 Male 0.325 1.76 [0.67–4.90] 0.216 1.54 [0.75–3.86]
Primary site
 Ear or around ref ref
 Temple 0.367 1.08 [0.54–4.35] 0.434 1.23 [0.41−5.00]
 Forehead 0.278 0.96 [0.33–2.04] 0.327 0.96 [0.47–2.83]
 Others 0.665 0.90 [0.31–4.38] 0.832 0.88 [0.20–6.09]
Immunosuppression
 No ref ref
 Yes < 0.001 9.36 [4.12–21.29] < 0.001 11.55 [4.87–27.40]
Differentiated grade
 Well ref ref
 Intermediate 0.839 0.89 [0.29–2.72] 0.832 0.89 [0.29–2.71]
 Poor 0.144 2.16 [0.77–6.06] 0.481 1.48 [0.50–4.43]
Tumor stage
 T1/2 ref ref
 T3/4 0.001 3.99 [1.74–9.20] 0.012 3.06 [1.28–7.31]
Perineural invasion
 No ref ref
 Yes 0.437 2.19 [0.74–7.33] 0.562 2.53 [0.63–8.14]
Lymphovascular invasion
 No ref ref
 Yes 0.216 1.87 [0.56–5.28] 0.333 1.99 [0.45–7.18]
ENE of periparotid LN*
 No ref ref
 Yes 0.778 1.80 [0.67–4.22] 0.892 2.00 [0.56–8.09]
ENE of intraparotid LN
 No ref ref
 Yes 0.437 1.54 [0.71–4.86] 0.556 2.22 [0.58–8.77]
ENE of cervical LN
 No ref ref
 Yes < 0.001 8.69 [3.98–18.95] < 0.001 8.22 [3.53–19.18]
Intraparotid LN metastasis
 No ref ref
 Yes 0.018 3.61 [1.24–10.49] 0.012 6.48 [1.51–27.75]
Periparotid LN metastasis
 No ref ref
 Yes < 0.001 6.26 [2.86–13.68] < 0.001 6.43 [2.74–15.12]
LN size (/)
 ∼3 cm ref ref
 3 + cm 0.756 1.88 [0.62–5.24] 0.658 1.95 [0.70–4.98]
Neck stage
 N0 ref ref
 N1 0.029 3.21 [1.12–9.17] 0.021 3.61 [1.21–10.75]
 N2 0.005 4.73 [1.59–14.12] 0.049 3.53 [1.01–12.68]
 N3 0.002 5.77 [1.94–17.21] 0.005 5.47 [1.67–17.97]
O’Brien stage
  N0P1 ref ref
  N0P2 0.043 6.36 [1.06–32.08] 0.157 4.13 [0.58–29.32]
  N0P3/N1P1 0.002 12.33 [2.48–31.43] 0.015 8.21 [1.49–40.11]
  N1P2 0.110 4.30 [0.72–25.73] 0.292 2.87 [0.40−20.37]
  N1P3/N2P1 0.001 14.32 [2.88–41.05] 0.001 13.79 [2.78–38.46]
  N2P2/N2P3 0.014 7.52 [1.52–27.28] 0.015 7.25 [1.46–25.98]
N1S3
 I ref ref
 II 0.588 1.41 [0.41–4.91] 0.789 1.19 [0.34–4.21]
 III 0.268 2.09 [0.57–7.73] 0.488 1.61 [0.42–6.25]
Extent of parotidectomy
 Superficial ref ref
 Total 0.857 1.23 [0.37–6.22] 0.903 1.45 [0.41–9.88]
Positive margin
 No ref ref
 Yes < 0.001 24.78 [8.67–70.86] < 0.001 26.27 [9.08–75.99]
Radiotherapy
 No ref ref
 Yes 0.022 0.88 [0.58–0.95] 0.031 0.90 [0.60–0.99]
Chemotherapy
 No ref ref
 Yes 0.216 1.32 [0.73–4.22] 0.532 1.67 [0.55–8.24]

* LN: lymph node; ENE: extranodal extension