Table 1.
Univariate Cox analysis of predictors for locoregional control (LRC), and overall survival (OS).
| Variable | LRC | OS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | HR [95%CI] | p | HR [95%CI] | |
| Age | ||||
| ≤65 | ref | ref | ||
| > 65 | 0.105 | 1.95 [0.87–4.38] | 0.035 | 2.75 [1.07–7.02] |
| Sex (Male/female) | ||||
| Female | ref | ref | ||
| Male | 0.325 | 1.76 [0.67–4.90] | 0.216 | 1.54 [0.75–3.86] |
| Primary site | ||||
| Ear or around | ref | ref | ||
| Temple | 0.367 | 1.08 [0.54–4.35] | 0.434 | 1.23 [0.41−5.00] |
| Forehead | 0.278 | 0.96 [0.33–2.04] | 0.327 | 0.96 [0.47–2.83] |
| Others | 0.665 | 0.90 [0.31–4.38] | 0.832 | 0.88 [0.20–6.09] |
| Immunosuppression | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | < 0.001 | 9.36 [4.12–21.29] | < 0.001 | 11.55 [4.87–27.40] |
| Differentiated grade | ||||
| Well | ref | ref | ||
| Intermediate | 0.839 | 0.89 [0.29–2.72] | 0.832 | 0.89 [0.29–2.71] |
| Poor | 0.144 | 2.16 [0.77–6.06] | 0.481 | 1.48 [0.50–4.43] |
| Tumor stage | ||||
| T1/2 | ref | ref | ||
| T3/4 | 0.001 | 3.99 [1.74–9.20] | 0.012 | 3.06 [1.28–7.31] |
| Perineural invasion | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | 0.437 | 2.19 [0.74–7.33] | 0.562 | 2.53 [0.63–8.14] |
| Lymphovascular invasion | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | 0.216 | 1.87 [0.56–5.28] | 0.333 | 1.99 [0.45–7.18] |
| ENE of periparotid LN* | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | 0.778 | 1.80 [0.67–4.22] | 0.892 | 2.00 [0.56–8.09] |
| ENE of intraparotid LN | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | 0.437 | 1.54 [0.71–4.86] | 0.556 | 2.22 [0.58–8.77] |
| ENE of cervical LN | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | < 0.001 | 8.69 [3.98–18.95] | < 0.001 | 8.22 [3.53–19.18] |
| Intraparotid LN metastasis | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | 0.018 | 3.61 [1.24–10.49] | 0.012 | 6.48 [1.51–27.75] |
| Periparotid LN metastasis | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | < 0.001 | 6.26 [2.86–13.68] | < 0.001 | 6.43 [2.74–15.12] |
| LN size (/) | ||||
| ∼3 cm | ref | ref | ||
| 3 + cm | 0.756 | 1.88 [0.62–5.24] | 0.658 | 1.95 [0.70–4.98] |
| Neck stage | ||||
| N0 | ref | ref | ||
| N1 | 0.029 | 3.21 [1.12–9.17] | 0.021 | 3.61 [1.21–10.75] |
| N2 | 0.005 | 4.73 [1.59–14.12] | 0.049 | 3.53 [1.01–12.68] |
| N3 | 0.002 | 5.77 [1.94–17.21] | 0.005 | 5.47 [1.67–17.97] |
| O’Brien stage | ||||
| N0P1 | ref | ref | ||
| N0P2 | 0.043 | 6.36 [1.06–32.08] | 0.157 | 4.13 [0.58–29.32] |
| N0P3/N1P1 | 0.002 | 12.33 [2.48–31.43] | 0.015 | 8.21 [1.49–40.11] |
| N1P2 | 0.110 | 4.30 [0.72–25.73] | 0.292 | 2.87 [0.40−20.37] |
| N1P3/N2P1 | 0.001 | 14.32 [2.88–41.05] | 0.001 | 13.79 [2.78–38.46] |
| N2P2/N2P3 | 0.014 | 7.52 [1.52–27.28] | 0.015 | 7.25 [1.46–25.98] |
| N1S3 | ||||
| I | ref | ref | ||
| II | 0.588 | 1.41 [0.41–4.91] | 0.789 | 1.19 [0.34–4.21] |
| III | 0.268 | 2.09 [0.57–7.73] | 0.488 | 1.61 [0.42–6.25] |
| Extent of parotidectomy | ||||
| Superficial | ref | ref | ||
| Total | 0.857 | 1.23 [0.37–6.22] | 0.903 | 1.45 [0.41–9.88] |
| Positive margin | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | < 0.001 | 24.78 [8.67–70.86] | < 0.001 | 26.27 [9.08–75.99] |
| Radiotherapy | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | 0.022 | 0.88 [0.58–0.95] | 0.031 | 0.90 [0.60–0.99] |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| No | ref | ref | ||
| Yes | 0.216 | 1.32 [0.73–4.22] | 0.532 | 1.67 [0.55–8.24] |
* LN: lymph node; ENE: extranodal extension