Table 1.
Preconception demographic data for pSS and control individuals
| pSS (n=164) | Controls (n=328) | t/χ2 | P value | |
| Age (years)* | 31.98±4.55 | 31.83±4.52 | 0.34 | 0.736 |
| Course of disease (months)*† | 41.49±38.61 | – | ||
| BMI*‡ | 21.14±2.04 (145/164) | 21.21±1.77 | −0.43 | 0.670 |
| Assisted reproductive conception§ | 37 (22.56%) | 3 (0.91%) | 68.589 | <0.001 |
| IVF-ET | 36 (21.95%) | 3 (0.91%) | ||
| IUI | 1 (0.61%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Gravidity§ | ||||
| 1 | 51 (31.10%) | 107 (32.62%) | 0.117 | 0.733 |
| 2 | 43 (26.22%) | 90 (27.44%) | 0.082 | 0.774 |
| 3 | 37 (22.56%) | 73 (22.26%) | 0.006 | 0.939 |
| >3 | 33 (20.12%) | 58 (17.68%) | 0.431 | 0.511 |
| Parity§ | ||||
| None | 104 (63.41%) | 148 (45.12%) | 14.643 | <0.001 |
| Once | 60 (36.59%) | 180 (54.88%) | 14.643 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension§ | 3 (1.83%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Diabetes§ | 2 (1.22%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Thyroid diseases§ | 38 (23.17%) | 4 (1.22%) | 67.474 | <0.001 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 2 (1.22%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Hypothyroidism | 32 (19.51%) | 4 (1.22%) | 53.947 | <0.001 |
| Thyroiditis | 4 (2.44%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Kidney disease§ | 7 (4.27%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Viral hepatitis B§ | 1 (0.61%) | 3 (0.91%) | 0.126 | 1.000 |
| ILD§ | 2 (1.22%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ESSDAI†‡§ | ||||
| 0–4 | 98/99 (98.99%) | |||
| >4 | 1/99 (1.01%) | |||
| Lymphocytopenia‡ (<1000/mm3) | 10/116 (8.62%) | |||
| Hypergammaglobulinaemia‡ (>16 g/L) | 39/101 (38.61%) | |||
| Low C3 level (<0.9 g/L)§‡ | 12/66 (18.18%) | |||
| Low C4 level (<0.1 g/L)§‡ | 0/66 (0%) | |||
| Autoantibody§‡ | ||||
| Anti-Ro52 | 136/158 (86.08%) | |||
| Anti-Ro60 | 135/158 (85.44%) | |||
| Anti-La | 67/158 (42.41%) | |||
| Anti-DNA | 0/158 (0%) | |||
| Anti-RNP | 11/158 (6.96%) | |||
| APL | 11/83 (13.25%) | |||
| Prenatal medication§ | ||||
| Glucocorticoid | 102 (62.20%) | |||
| Hydroxychloroquine | 100 (60.98%) | |||
| Ciclosporin | 2 (1.22%) | |||
| Aspirin | 51 (31.10%) |
Data are mean±SD, n (%) or n/N (%). For variables with missing data, denominators are reported.
*Mean±SD.
†Patients diagnosed during pregnancy were not included.
‡There was data loss.
§Number with the percentages between brackets.
APL, antiphospholipid; BMI, body mass index; ESSDAI, EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index; ILD, Interstitial lung disease; IUI, intrauterine insemination; IVF-ET, in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer techniques; n, number of deliveries; pSS, primary Sjögren’s syndrome.