Figure 2. Mechanisms of action of sparsentan in the kidney.

Schematic presentation of main actions of sparsentan in the kidney associated with long-term nephroprotective effects as observed in preclinical studies. These actions include anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects both in glomeruli and the tubulointerstitial compartment, podocyte protection, and preservation of the glomerular glycocalyx, in parallel with beneficial effects on glomerular hemodynamics. Created with Biorender.com by Wilmelenne Clapper. ECM, extracellular matrix; mRNA, messenger RNA.