Table 2.
Overview of ABA-and NO-mediated genes under abiotic stresses in plants.
| Stresses | Plants | Tissues | Genes | Roles of genes | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salt | Rice | Roots | OsMSRA4, OsMSRA5, OsMSRB1.1, OsMSRB3, OsMSRB5 | Alleviation of cellular damage | Hsu and Lee, 2018 |
| HM | Winter wheat | Seedlings | TaSOD, TaCAT, TaAPX | Activation of antioxidant enzymes | Wu et al., 2018 |
| Low light | Tall fescue | Seedlings |
POD, CnZn-SOD, Mn-SOD, CAT-A, CAT-B, APX2, APX4, FaNOA1, CAT-C, FaPYR1, FaPYL1 |
Activation of antioxidant enzymes, Promotion of ABA synthesis | Zhang et al., 2018b |
| Heat | Wheat | Seedlings | APX, GR | Activation of antioxidant enzymes | Iqbal et al., 2022 |
| Chilling | Tomato | Seedlings | CPK27 | Regulation of ROS, NO, and MPK1/2 | Lv et al., 2018 |
| Tomato | Seedlings | LeNR, LeNOS, LeADC, LeADC1, LeODC, LeSPDS, LeNCED1 | Promotion of ABA and polyamine synthesis | Diao et al., 2017 | |
| Medicago | Seedlings |
MfSAMS1, PAO, CuAO1, CuAO2, Cu-SOD, Zn-SOD, CAT1, cAPX, cpAPX, SAMDC1, SAMDC2, SPDS1, SPDS2, SPMS |
Promotion of PAs biosynthesis, Activation of antioxidant enzymes | Guo et al., 2014 | |
| Freezing | Cl | Leaves |
C4H, CHS, CHI, F3H, F3’5’H, F3’H, FLS, LUT5, ZEP, NCED, ABA2, AAO3, VED, NOS, PAO |
Promotion of flavonol synthesis | Peng et al., 2022 |
| Alkali | NT | Seedlings | NtNOA1, NtNR2, NtNCED1/3/4/5, NtAAO, NtSDR, NtPYL2/6, NtPP2C, NtABF1/3, NtSnRK2.2/2.3, NtSOS1, NtNHX1/2/3, NtKEA 3/5, NtKUP4, NtKCO, NtHAK6/12, NtHKT1 | Inhibition of heavy metal ion uptake, Promotion of ABA and NO synthesis | Zhang et al., 2023 |
HM, Heavy metal; Cl, Creeping lilyturf; ROS, reactive oxygen species; NO, nitric oxide; PAs, polyamines; MPK1/2, calcium mitogen-activated protein kinases 1/2; NT, Nitraria tangutorum.