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. 2024 May 22;10(11):e31631. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31631

Table 1.

Results of DE, PSO, and GSA on IEEE CEC2017 functions according to Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

DE PSO GSA
mean std mean std mean std
F1 8.081E-15 7.655E-15 1.098E+08 3.980E+07 + 1.652E+03 7.365E+02 +
F2 2.743E+01 2.299E+01 4.115E+03 1.204E+03 + 8.393E+04 6.794E+03 +
F3 3.749E+01 2.823E+01 3.023E+02 8.666E+01 + 1.367E+02 1.493E+01 +
F4 1.785E+02 1.053E+01 1.359E+02 3.092E+01 - 2.279E+02 1.692E+01 +
F5 2.548E-08 3.154E-08 2.729E+01 9.808E+00 + 5.104E+01 4.024E+00 +
F6 2.106E+02 9.184E+00 1.702E+02 3.478E+01 - 8.551E+01 1.224E+01 -
F7 1.794E+02 1.186E+01 1.061E+02 2.705E+01 - 1.520E+02 1.483E+01 -
F8 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 4.711E+02 4.151E+02 + 2.073E+03 2.709E+02 +
F9 6.977E+03 2.830E+02 4.099E+03 1.063E+03 - 3.812E+03 5.000E+02 -
F10 5.479E+01 2.371E+01 2.118E+02 4.886E+01 + 3.476E+02 8.227E+01 +
F11 6.870E+03 4.699E+03 7.226E+07 6.183E+07 + 1.933E+07 2.805E+07 +
F12 8.038E+01 1.529E+01 3.304E+06 8.916E+06 + 2.914E+04 6.218E+03 +
F13 6.112E+01 6.580E+00 2.677E+04 2.996E+04 + 4.819E+05 1.257E+05 +
F14 3.720E+01 7.000E+00 4.274E+04 6.755E+04 + 1.048E+04 2.115E+03 +
F15 1.166E+03 2.990E+02 1.149E+03 2.762E+02 = 1.519E+03 2.480E+02 +
F16 7.435E+01 7.864E+00 3.325E+02 1.401E+02 + 1.235E+03 1.613E+02 +
F17 3.592E+01 3.761E+00 2.224E+05 2.520E+05 + 3.164E+05 1.311E+05 +
F18 1.767E+01 5.084E+00 3.538E+04 1.165E+05 + 1.168E+04 4.931E+03 +
F19 3.917E+01 2.165E+01 3.558E+02 1.002E+02 + 1.077E+03 1.967E+02 +
F20 3.723E+02 8.539E+00 3.485E+02 3.138E+01 - 4.551E+02 2.132E+01 +
F21 1.000E+02 8.922E-14 2.002E+02 2.621E+01 + 3.759E+03 2.105E+03 +
F22 5.205E+02 1.353E+01 6.072E+02 3.463E+01 + 1.331E+03 1.182E+02 +
F23 5.876E+02 1.168E+01 6.502E+02 2.621E+01 + 8.764E+02 5.792E+01 +
F24 3.867E+02 2.604E-02 4.610E+02 3.044E+01 + 4.345E+02 8.907E+00 +
F25 2.364E+03 3.735E+02 2.969E+03 1.331E+03 + 3.790E+03 1.199E+03 +
F26 4.776E+02 8.534E+00 7.282E+02 4.753E+01 + 1.849E+03 3.235E+02 +
F27 3.256E+02 4.667E+01 5.762E+02 4.260E+01 + 5.218E+02 5.509E+01 +
F28 6.211E+02 1.604E+02 1.237E+03 2.144E+02 + 1.864E+03 1.970E+02 +
F29 2.160E+03 1.158E+02 3.119E+06 5.050E+06 + 1.419E+05 7.629E+04 +



W/T/L -/-/- 5/1/23 3/0/26