Table 3.
Factors associated with electronic cigarette use among Ecuadorian adult population, 2023 (N=3047)
| Variables | EC use | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No n | Yes n | OR (95% CI) | p | AOR (95% CI) | p | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female ® | 1284 | 379 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Prefer not to mention | 7 | 4 | 1.94 (0.56–6.65) | 0.294 | 1.08 (0.28–4.08) | 0.914 |
| Male | 906 | 467 | 1.75 (1.49–2.05) | <0.001 | 1.18 (0.99–1.41) | 0.065 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–24 ® | 673 | 367 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 25–34 | 794 | 372 | 0.86 (0.72–1.03) | 0.092 | 0.69 (0.57–0.85) | <0.001 |
| 35–44 | 346 | 78 | 0.41 (0.31–0.55) | <0.001 | 0.29 (0.21–0.39) | <0.001 |
| 45–54 | 215 | 15 | 0.13 (0.07–0.22) | <0.001 | 0.09 (0.05–0.16) | <0.001 |
| 55–65 | 73 | 5 | 0.13 (0.05–0.31) | <0.001 | 0.07 (0.03–0.21) | <0.001 |
| >65 | 16 | 2 | 0.23 (0.05–1.00) | 0.050 | 0.14 (0.02–0.92) | 0.040 |
| Region of residence | ||||||
| Sierra ® | 1828 | 743 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Coast | 318 | 91 | 0.70 (0.55–0.90) | 0.005 | 0.73 (0.55–0.96) | 0.026 |
| Amazon | 51 | 16 | 0.77 (0.44–1.36) | 0.371 | 0.84 (0.46–1.53) | 0.563 |
| Race | ||||||
| Mestizo ® | 2048 | 789 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Indigenous | 30 | 10 | 0.87 (0.42–1.78) | 0.693 | 1.09 (0.50–2.37) | 0.823 |
| White | 54 | 31 | 1.49 (0.95–2.34) | 0.081 | 1.54 (0.93–2.57) | 0.094 |
| Afro-descendant | 24 | 7 | 0.76 (0.32–1.76) | 0.645 | 1.09 (0.43–2.80) | 0.857 |
| Montubio | 33 | 9 | 0.71 (0.34–1.49) | 0.361 | 0.67 (0.29–1.59) | 0.366 |
| Other | 8 | 4 | 1.30 (0.39–4.32) | 0.425 | 0.86 (0.24–3.04) | 0.814 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single ® | 1423 | 680 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Married | 541 | 97 | 0.38 (0.29–0.47) | <0.001 | 0.30 (0.23–0.39) | <0.001 |
| Common-law marriage | 83 | 30 | 0.76 (0.49–1.16) | 0.200 | 0.69 (0.43–1.09) | 0.112 |
| Divorced | 141 | 38 | 0.56 (0.39–0.82) | 0.002 | 0.43 (0.29–0.65) | <0.001 |
| Widowed | 9 | 5 | 1.16 (0.39–3.48) | 0.787 | 1.45 (0.42–5.04) | 0.561 |
| Education level | ||||||
| High school completed ® | 287 | 73 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Incomplete school | 4 | 1 | 0.98 (0.11–8.93) | 0.987 | 1.35 (0.10–17.91) | 0.819 |
| School completed | 25 | 2 | 0.31 (0.07–1.36) | 0.121 | 0.31 (0.06–1.47) | 0.139 |
| Incomplete high school | 54 | 18 | 1.31 (0.72–2.37) | 0.370 | 1.54 (0.82–2.88) | 0.179 |
| Incomplete University | 689 | 321 | 1.83 (1.37–2.45) | <0.001 | 1.95 (1.43–2.66) | <0.001 |
| University degree | 753 | 295 | 1.54 (1.15–2.06) | 0.003 | 1.51 (1.10–2.05) | 0.010 |
| Incomplete Master’s/PhD | 127 | 51 | 1.58 (1.04–2.39) | 0.030 | 1.55 (0.99–2.41) | 0.052 |
| Master’s/PhD degree | 258 | 89 | 1.36 (0.95–1.93) | 0.090 | 1.37 (0.93–2.00) | 0.113 |
| Professional activities related to health | ||||||
| No ® | 1175 | 395 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1022 | 455 | 1.32 (1.13–1.55) | <0.001 | 1.51 (1.26–1.80) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| None ® | 1818 | 749 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 379 | 101 | 0.65 (0.51–0.82) | <0.001 | 0.60 (0.47–0.78) | <0.001 |
| Tobacco use | ||||||
| No ® | 1685 | 272 | 1 | |||
| Past use | 247 | 255 | 0.23 (0.18–0.28) | <0.001 | ||
| Current use | 265 | 323 | 0.31 (0.25–0.38) | <0.001 | ||
AOR: adjusted odds ratio. EC: electronic cigarette. ® Reference categories.