Table 1.
Available candidate vaccine viruses for pandemic preparedness against the H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 subtypes for the northern hemisphere influenza seasons 2024–2025.
| Candidate vaccine virus | Antigenic prototype | Subtype | Clade | Institution responsible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SJRG-161052 | A/Vietnam/1203/2004 | H5N1 | 1 | SJCRH, CDC |
| IDCDC-RG34B | A/Cambodia/X0810301/2013 | H5N1 | 1.1.1 | CDC |
| SJRG-166614 | A/duck/Hunan/795/2002 | H5N1 | 2.1 | SJCRH |
| IDCDC-RG2 | A/Indonesia/5/2005 | H5N1 | 2.1.3.2 | CDC |
| IBCDC-RG7 | A/chicken/India/NIV33487/2006 | H5N1 | 2.2 | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG11 | A/Egypt/2321-NAMRU3/2007 | H5N1 | 2.2.1 | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG13 | A/Egypt/3300-NAMRU3/2008 | H5N1 | 2.2.1.1 | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG30 | A/Hubei/1/2010 | H5N1 | 2.3.2.1a | CDC |
| SJ0009 | A/chicken/Guiyang/1153/2016 | H5N1 | 2.3.2.1d | SJCRH |
| IDCDC-RG6 | A/Anhui/1/2005 | H5N1 | 2.3.4 | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG35 | A/Guizhou/1/2013 | H5N1 | 2.3.4.2 | CDC |
| SJRG-165396 | A/goose/Guiyang/337/2006 | H5N1 | 4 | SJCRH |
| IDCDC-RG25A | A/chicken/Vietnam/NCVD-016/2008 | H5N1 | 7.1 | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG63A | A/duck/Bangladesh/17D1012/2018 | H5N1 | 2.3.2.1a | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG78A | A/American wigeon/South Carolina/22000345-001/2021-like | H5N1 | 2.3.4.4b | CDC |
| NIID-002 | A/Ezo red fox/Hokkaido/1/2022-like | H5N1 | 2.3.4.4b | NIID, Japan |
| IDCDC-RG56N | A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 | H7N9 | n/a* | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG56B | A/Hong Kong/125/2017 | H7N9 | n/a* | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG32A | A/Shanghai/2/2013 | H7N9 | n/a* | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG33A | A/Anhui/1/2013 | H7N9 | n/a* | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG64A | A/Gansu/23277/2019-like | H7N9 | n/a* | CDC |
| IBCDC-2 | A/chicken/Hong Kong/G9/97 | H9N2 | Y280/G9 | CDC |
| IBCDC-RG26 | A/Hong Kong/33982/2009 | H9N2 | G1 | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG31 | A/Bangladesh/994/2011 | H9N2 | G1 | CDC |
| SJ008 | A/Hong Kong/308/2014 | H9N2 | Y280/G9 | SJCRH |
| IDCDC-RG61A | A/Anhui-Lujiang/39/2018 | H9N2 | Y280/G9 | CDC |
| IDCDC-RG66A | A/Oman/2747/2019 | H9N2 | G1 | CDC |
Only one candidate vaccine virus per clade is shown for H5N1 viruses, except clade 2.3.4.4b. * n/a: not available. CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; SJCRH: St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital; NIID: National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan.