Table 2.
Chemical similarity enrichment analysis results depicting differential AUC clusters of untargeted serum metabolites at the end of the 8-week almond versus cracker intervention
| CHEMRich cluster name | CHEMRich cluster size |
P-value (KS) |
FDR adjusted P-value (KS) |
No. of altered metabolites in CHEMRich cluster |
Metabolites | P-value | Effect size | Effect size direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (almond vs. cracker) a |
(almond vs. cracker) b |
(almond vs. cracker)c |
||||||
| AUC 0-15 min | ||||||||
| Unsaturated triglycerides | 84 | <0.001 | 0.026 | 6 | TG(58:9) | 0.05 | 0.814 | A > C |
| TG(54:7) | 0.045 | 0.813 | ||||||
| TG(51:5) | 0.044 | 0.6 | ||||||
| TG(56:9) | 0.032 | 0.649 | ||||||
| TG(58:10) | 0.032 | 0.719 | ||||||
| TG(56:8) | 0.022 | 0.649 | ||||||
| Unsaturated lysophosphatidylcholines | 13 | 0.001 | 0.033 | 1 | LPC(20:5) | 0.036 | 0.854 | A > C |
| Diglycerides | 8 | 0.003 | 0.048 | 2 | DG(38:5) | 0.046 | 0.535 | A > C |
| DG(38:6) | 0.027 | 0.338 | ||||||
| AUC 0-30 min | ||||||||
| Unsaturated triglycerides | 84 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 11 | TG(54:6) | 0.019 | 0.936 | A > C |
| TG(51:3) | 0.039 | 0.732 | ||||||
| TG(51:5) | 0.018 | 0.817 | ||||||
| TG(51:4) | 0.0085 | 0.933 | ||||||
| TG(53:3) | 0.02 | 0.844 | ||||||
| TG(53:4) | 0.0043 | 1.037 | ||||||
| TG(54:4) | 0.046 | 0.769 | ||||||
| TG(54:7) | 0.016 | 0.959 | ||||||
| TG (56:6); TG(18:1/18:2/20:3) | 0.025 | 0.89 | ||||||
| TG(18:2/20:3/22:6) | 0.04 | 0.782 | ||||||
| TG (55:4); TG(18:1/18:2/19:1) | 0.0079 | 0.957 | ||||||
| Diglycerides | 8 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 4 | DG(34:2) | 0.027 | 0.796 | A > C |
| DG(36:2) | 0.025 | 0.827 | ||||||
| DG(36:3) | 0.0055 | 1.113 | ||||||
| DG(38:6) | 0.035 | 0.569 | ||||||
| Unsaturated lysophosphatidylcholines | 13 | <0.001 | 0.006 | 1 | LPC (20:1) | 0.027 | 1.053 | A > C |
| AUC 60-120 min | ||||||||
| Unsaturated triglycerides | 84 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 8 | TG(49:1) | 0.035 | 0.717 | A < C |
| TG(51:1) | 0.0079 | 0.894 | ||||||
| TG(50:2) | 0.046 | 0.663 | ||||||
| TG(53:2) | 0.047 | 0.676 | ||||||
| TG(54:5) | 0.03 | 0.711 | ||||||
| TG(58:5) | 0.032 | 0.658 | ||||||
| TG(58:6) | 0.027 | 0.726 | ||||||
| TG(50:1) | 0.016 | 0.794 | ||||||
| Saturated triglycerides | 9 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 5 | TG(48:0) | 0.0074 | 0.871 | A < C |
| TG(42:0) | 0.039 | 0.662 | ||||||
| TG(50:0) | 0.04 | 0.671 | ||||||
| TG(44:0) | 0.042 | 0.676 | ||||||
| TG (47:0); TG(14:0/16:0/17:0) | 0.046 | 0.647 | ||||||
| Unsaturated phosphatidylcholines | 89 | 0.001 | 0.023 | 2 | PC (40:4) | 0.032 | 0.585 | A < C |
| PC (p-36:1) or PC (o-36:2) | 0.016 | 0.716 | ||||||
a
Time 0 adjusted overall snack effect
b
Magnitude of Hedge’s g effect size
c
Direction of effect size: A>C, higher in almond group compared to cracker group; A<C, lower in almond group compared to cracker group
KS, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test; LPC, lysophosphotidylcholine; PC, phosphatidylcholine; SM, sphingomyelin; TG, triglycerides