Table 3. Norms in favour of having sex a with an older man (Panel A) and with an older woman (Panel B) and sexual behaviours among school-going adolescents of the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé, Panama, 2018.
| Panel A: Norms in favour of transactional sex with older MAN | Panel B: Norms in favour of TS with older WOMAN (only asked in boy participant questionnaires) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In favour of the norm |
OR
(95% CI) |
p-value | In favour of the norm |
OR
(95%CI) |
p-value |
|||
| n/N | % | n/N | % | n/N | % | |||
| Sexually Experience* | 0.87 | 0.47 | ||||||
| No | 38/164 | 23.2 | 1 | 21/82 | 24.1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 121/536 | 22.6 | 0.97 (0.67–1.47) |
66/302 | 21.9 | 0.81 (0.46–1.43) |
||
| Number of lifetime sexual partners | 0.39 |
|
0.81 | |||||
| 1 | 30/153 | 19.6 | 1 | 16/76 | 21.1 | 1 | ||
| 2 | 16/67 | 23.9 | 1.28 (0.64–2.56) |
5/39 | 12.8 | 0.55 (0.18–1.64) |
||
| 3 or more | 27/113 | 23.9 | 1.29 (0.71–2.32) |
18/80 | 22.5 | 1.1 (0.51–2.33) |
||
| Currently sexually active | 0.45 | 0.52 | ||||||
| No | 71/328 | 21.7 | 1 | 39/184 | 21.2 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 73/301 | 24.3 | 1.15 (0.79–1.68) |
40/166 | 24.1 | 1.18 (0.71–1.95) |
||
| Same-sex sex partner | 0.38 | 0.86 | ||||||
| No | 83/359 | 23.1 | 1 | 43/207 | 20.8 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 6/36 | 16.7 | 0.66 (0.26–1.67) |
5/26 | 19.2 | 0.91 (0.32–2.55) |
||
| Reported condom use at last sexual intercourse | 0.56 | 0.69 | ||||||
| Never | 57/247 | 23.1 | 1 | 29/146 | 19.9 | 1 | ||
| During part of the time | 10/48 | 20.8 | 0.88 (0.41–1.87) |
5/30 | 16.7 | 0.81 (0.28–2.29) |
||
| During the whole act | 3/17 | 17.7 | 0.71 (0.20–2.60) |
0/3 | 0.0 | - | - | |
| Has experienced forced sex | 0.61 | 0.10 | ||||||
| No | 83/371 | 22.4 | 1 | 44/232 | 23.7 | 1 | ||
| Yes, at least once | 33/132 | 25.0 | 1.13 (0.71–1.81) |
7/53 | 13.2 | 0.49 (0.21–1.15) |
|
|
| Has been offered TS | 0.34 | 0.87 | ||||||
| No | 128/567 | 22.6 | ref | 74/316 | 23.4 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 31/116 | 26.7 | 1.24 (0.79–1.97) |
13/58 | 22.4 | 0.94 (0.48–1.85) |
||
| What did the person do when they were offered TS | 0.34 | 0.30 | ||||||
| Went with the person | 21/70 | 30.0 | 1 | 4/13 | 30.8 | 1 | ||
| Didn’t go with the person | 2/12 | 16.7 | 2.31 (0.41–13.14) |
6/13 | 46.2 | 0.94 (0.48–1.85) |
||
| Chlamydia and/or gonorrhoea infection | 0.17 | 0.43 | ||||||
| No | 110/463 | 23.8 | 1 | 60/271 | 22.1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 11/67 | 16.4 | 0.62 (0.31–1.23) |
4/26 | 15.4 | 0.64 (0.21–1.93) |
||
| HIV and/or active syphilis | 0.01 | 0.22 | ||||||
| No | 106/503 | 21.1 | 1 | 57/278 | 20.5 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 11/25 | 44.0 |
2.89
(1.26–6.65) |
9/21 | 42.9 |
2.91
(1.17–7.24) |
||
*reported ever having sex or was seropositive for HIV, syphilis, HSV-2, or HBsAg, ** adjusted for age and sex. Note: Denominators differ due to missing responses for some variables; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence intervals; Bolded OR are significant at p<0.05 level.