Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients with chronic CCM and predictors of the composite outcome (n = 177)
| Variables | Patients without CO events (n = 137) | Patients with CO events (n = 40) | HR (95% CI) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59 (51; 65) | 66 (58; 74) | 1.04 (1.01–1.08) | 0.006 |
| Males | 78 (56.93) | 20 (50.00) | 0.81 (0.44–1.51) | 0.516 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.37 (23.33; 29.33) | 22.24 (19.89; 25.14) | 0.81 (0.74–0.89) | < 0.001 |
| Obesity | 35 (25.55) | 1 (2.50) | 0.084 (0.01–0.61) | 0.015 |
| Hypertension | 66 (48.18) | 23 (57.50) | 1.35 (0.72–2.53) | 0.299 |
| Smoking | 3 (3.53) | 0 (0) | – | – |
| NYHA | ||||
| I–II | 127 (92.70) | 25 (62.50) | Reference | |
| III–IV | 10 (7.30) | 15 (37.50) | 5.09 (2.68–9.69) | < 0.001 |
| ACEI | 41 (29.93) | 24 (60.00) | 2.76 (1.47–5.21) | 0.002 |
| ARB | 48 (35.04) | 12 (30.00) | 0.81 (0.41–1.59) | 0.541 |
| Beta-blockers | 93 (67.88) | 39 (97.50) | 14.69 (2.02–106.94) | 0.008 |
| Aldosterone antagonists | 60 (43.80) | 32 (80.00) | 4.01 (1.85–8.71) | < 0.001 |
| Diuretics | 40 (29.20) | 30 (75.00) | 5.52 (2.70–11.30) | < 0.001 |
| Digitalis | 14 (10.22) | 12 (30.00) | 2.87 (1.46–5.66) | 0.002 |
| Ivabradine | 1 (0.73) | 2 (5.00) | 3.24 (0.78–13.47) | 0.105 |
| Antiplatelet agents | 38 (27.74) | 8 (20.00) | 0.69 (0.32–1.50) | 0.352 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 39 (28.47) | 20 (50.00) | 2.10 (1.13–3.91) | 0.019 |
This table contains % for categorical variables and median (first and third quartile) for continuous variables. The p-values were calculated based on the hazard ratio and its 95% confidence interval
BMI Body Mass Index, NYHA New York Heart Association Scale, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, LVEF left ventricle ejection fraction, LV-GLS global longitudinal strain
Bold values indicate a p-value < 0.05