Fig. 1.

Effect of PRL on H₂O₂ toxicity in rat astrocytes. a Rat cortical astrocytes were incubated for 3 h in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations (200–800 μM) of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay, and the results were normalized to the control with vehicle. Data are means ± SEM of six independent primary cultures (n = 6) carried out in triplicate. b Rat cortical astrocytes were pre-incubated for 24 h in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations (1–100 nM) of prolactin (PRL), then 400 μM H₂O₂ or vehicle was added and incubated for 3 h. Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay, and the results were normalized to the control with vehicle. Data are means ± SEM of five independent primary cultures (n = 5) carried out in triplicate. c Rat cortical astrocytes were pre-incubated for 24 h in the absence or presence of 1 or 10 nM PRL, then 400 μM H₂O₂ or vehicle was added and incubated for 3 h. Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay, and the results were normalized to the control with vehicle. Data are means ± SEM of four independent primary cultures (n = 4) carried out in triplicate. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001 versus vehicle or indicated group