Table 3. The associations between astigmatic magnitude and objective visual quality parameters with axis at 180°, 135°, 90°, and 45°.
| Parameters | OSI |
MTF |
SR |
OV100% |
OV20% |
OV9% |
||||||
| β (95%CI) | P | β (95%CI) | P | β (95%CI) | P | β (95%CI) | P | β (95%CI) | P | β (95%CI) | P | |
| 180° | ||||||||||||
| 0.00 D | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ||||||
| 0.50 D | 0.09 (0.04. 0.13) | 0.0002 | -1.79 (-3.28, -0.31) | 0.0181 | -0.02 (-0.03, -0.01) | <0.0001 | -0.07 (-0.12, -0.02) | 0.0109 | -0.08 (-0.12, -0.04) | 0.0005 | -0.07 (-0.10, -0.04) | <0.0001 |
| 0.75 D | 0.18 (0.13, 0.22) | <0.0001 | -4.96 (-6.44, -3.48) | <0.0001 | -0.04 (-0.05, -0.03) | <0.0001 | -0.16 (-0.21, -0.11) | <0.0001 | -0.17 (-0.22, -0.13) | <0.0001 | -0.12 (-0.15, -0.09) | <0.0001 |
| 1.00 D | 0.33 (0.29, 0.38) | <0.0001 | -9.11 (-10.59, -7.63) | <0.0001 | -0.06 (-0.07, -0.05) | <0.0001 | -0.31 (-0.36, -0.26) | <0.0001 | -0.30 (-0.34, -0.26) | <0.0001 | -0.20 (-0.23, -0.17) | <0.0001 |
| 1.25 D | 0.47 (0.43, 0.52) | <0.0001 | -12.56 (-14.04, -11.08) | <0.0001 | -0.08 (-0.09, -0.07) | <0.0001 | -0.42 (-0.47, -0.37) | <0.0001 | -0.39 (-0.43, -0.34) | <0.0001 | -0.26 (-0.29, -0.23) | <0.0001 |
| per 1 D | 0.38 (0.35, 0.42) | <0.0001 | -10.30 (-11.43, -9.16) | <0.0001 | -0.06 (-0.07, -0.06) | <0.0001 | -0.34 (-0.38, -0.31) | <0.0001 | -0.32 (-0.35, -0.29) | <0.0001 | -0.21 (-0.23, -0.18) | <0.0001 |
| 135° | ||||||||||||
| 0.00 D | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ||||||
| 0.50 D | 0.12 (0.07, 0.16) | <0.0001 | -2.39 (-3.63, -1.15) | 0.0002 | -0.02 (-0.03, -0.01) | <0.0001 | -0.08 (-0.13, -0.04) | <0.0001 | -0.09 (-0.14, -0.05) | 0.0001 | -0.07 (-0.10, -0.04) | <0.0001 |
| 0.75 D | 0.20 (0.16, 0.25) | <0.0001 | -5.62 (-6.86, -4.38) | <0.0001 | -0.04 (-0.05, -0.03) | <0.0001 | -0.19 (-0.23, -0.15) | <0.0001 | -0.19 (-0.23, -0.14) | <0.0001 | -0.13 (-0.16, -0.11) | <0.0001 |
| 1.00 D | 0.30 (0.26, 0.35) | <0.0001 | -8.86 (-10.10, -7.62) | <0.0001 | -0.06 (-0.07, -0.05) | <0.0001 | -0.30 (-0.34, -0.26) | <0.0001 | -0.15 (-0.19, -0.10) | <0.0001 | -0.20 (-0.23, -0.18) | <0.0001 |
| 1.25 D | 0.49 (0.44, 0.53) | <0.0001 | -12.30 (-13.54, -11.06) | <0.0001 | -0.08 (-0.09, -0.07) | <0.0001 | -0.41 (-0.45, -0.37) | <0.0001 | -0.40 (-0.44, -0.35) | <0.0001 | -0.26 (-0.29, -0.24) | <0.0001 |
| per 1 D | 0.37 (0.34, 0.41) | <0.0001 | -9.97 (-10.92, -9.03) | <0.0001 | -0.06 (-0.07, -0.06) | <0.0001 | -0.33 (-0.36, -0.30) | <0.0001 | -0.37 (-0.31, -0.24) | <0.0001 | -0.21 (-0.23, -0.19) | <0.0001 |
| 90° | ||||||||||||
| 0.00 D | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ||||||
| 0.50 D | 0.14 (0.09, 0.20) | <0.0001 | -4.33 (-5.72, -2.94) | <0.0001 | -0.02 (-0.03, -0.01) | <0.0001 | -0.15 (-0.19, -0.10) | <0.0001 | -0.14 (-0.18, -0.09) | 0.0005 | -0.09 (-0.11, -0.06) | <0.0001 |
| 0.75 D | 0.28 (0.22, 0.33) | <0.0001 | -8.22 (-9.62, -6.83) | <0.0001 | -0.04 (-0.05, -0.03) | <0.0001 | -0.28 (-0.33, -0.24) | <0.0001 | -0.26 (-0.30, -0.21) | <0.0001 | -0.15 (-0.18, -0.13) | <0.0001 |
| 1.00 D | 0.42 (0.37, 0.48) | <0.0001 | -11.92 (-13.32, -10.53) | <0.0001 | -0.07 (-0.08, -0.06) | <0.0001 | -0.40 (-0.45, -0.36) | <0.0001 | -0.36 (-0.40, -0.32) | <0.0001 | -0.22 (-0.25, -0.19) | <0.0001 |
| 1.25 D | 0.63 (0.57, 0.68) | <0.0001 | -15.76 (-17.15, -14.37) | <0.0001 | -0.09 (-0.09, -0.08) | <0.0001 | -0.52 (-0.57, -0.48) | <0.0001 | -0.46 (-0.50, -0.42) | <0.0001 | -0.28 (-0.31, -0.25) | <0.0001 |
| per 1 D | 0.49 (0.45, 0.54) | <0.0001 | -12.75 (-13.79, -11.70) | <0.0001 | -0.07 (-0.08, -0.06) | <0.0001 | -0.43 (-0.46, -0.39) | <0.0001 | -0.37 (-0.40, -0.34) | <0.0001 | -0.23 (-0.25, -0.21) | <0.0001 |
| 45° | ||||||||||||
| 0.00 D | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ||||||
| 0.50 D | 0.17 (0.13, 0.21) | 0.0002 | -5.12 (-6.31, -3.94) | <0.0001 | -0.03 (-0.04, -0.03) | <0.0001 | -0.17 (-0.21, -0.13) | <0.0001 | -0.17 (-0.21, -0.13) | <0.0001 | -0.11 (-0.14, -0.08) | <0.0001 |
| 0.75 D | 0.30 (0.26, 0.34) | <0.0001 | -8.80 (-9.99, -7.62) | <0.0001 | -0.05 (-0.06, -0.04) | <0.0001 | -0.29 (-0.33, -0.25) | <0.0001 | -0.27 (-0.31, -0.24) | <0.0001 | -0.18 (-0.20, -0.15) | <0.0001 |
| 1.00 D | 0.44 (0.40, 0.48) | <0.0001 | -11.78 (-12.96, -10.60) | <0.0001 | -0.07 (-0.08, -0.06) | <0.0001 | -0.40 (-0.44, -0.36) | <0.0001 | -0.36 (-0.40, -0.33) | <0.0001 | -0.23 (-0.26, -0.21) | <0.0001 |
| 1.25 D | 0.63 (0.59, 0.67) | <0.0001 | -16.06 (-17.24, -14.88) | <0.0001 | -0.09 (-0.10, -0.08) | <0.0001 | -0.54 (-0.58, -0.50) | <0.0001 | -0.48 (-0.52, -0.44) | <0.0001 | -0.30 (-0.32, -0.27) | <0.0001 |
| per 1 D | 0.50 (0.46, 0.53) | <0.0001 | -12.73 (-13.62, -11.86) | <0.0001 | -0.07 (-0.08, -0.07) | <0.0001 | -0.43 (-0.46, -0.40) | <0.0001 | -0.38 (-0.41, -0.35) | <0.0001 | -0.24 (-0.26, -0.22) | <0.0001 |
OSI: Objective scatter index; MTF: Modulation transfer function; SR: Strehl ratio; OV: Optical quality analysis system value.